High School Social Studies WVCCRS Standards

Geography

Economics

Civics

Be aware of the importance of informed citizens who actively participate in the preservation and improvement of American government through community service and service-learning (e.g., individual service projects, patriotic events, mock trials, group initiatives, community volunteerism).

Analyze the protection of liberties in the Bill of Rights and their expansion through judicial review and the gradual incorporation of those rights by the Fourteenth Amendment.

Analyze how the freedoms of speech and press in a democratic society enable citizens to develop informed opinions, express their views, shape public policy, and monitor government actions.

Determine how conflicts between the rights of citizens and society’s need for order can be resolved while preserving both liberty and safety.

Compare and contrast the original and appellate jurisdictions of local, state, and national judicial systems to show how America’s court system addresses criminal and civil cases.

Apply the concepts of legal precedent through past and present landmark Supreme Court cases, interpretations of the U.S. Constitution by the Supreme Court and the impact of these decisions on American society.

Develop an understanding of the American legal system through examining existing ordinances, statutes and Federal Acts, exploring the differences between criminal and civil law, and determining the legal obligations and liabilities of American citizenship.

Critique the evolution of the two-party system in the United States, evaluate how society and political parties have changed over time and analyze how political parties function today.

Examine the influence of the media on public opinion and on the decisions of elected officials and the bureaucracy.

Bias in reporting and editorials.

Push-pull polls and selective reporting of citizen opinions.

Advertising and campaign ads.

Reporting news out of context.

Investigate the impact that special interest groups have on shaping public policy at local, state, and national levels.

Assess how factors such as campaign finance, participation of the electorate, and demographic factors influence the outcome of elections.

Explore social contracts and the establishment of the rule of law, and evaluate how the balance (or relationship) between limited government and the rule of law protect individual rights.

Examine how decisions and policies of state and local government impact the lives of citizens, such as local issues and problems, structure of local government (e.g., differences in incorporation, providing public services and mayoral styles), zoning and annexation, land use and urban sprawl, and ordinances and jurisdiction.

Explore cooperation, competition, and conflict among nations through organizations, agreements and protocols, political acts, and other exchanges, such as the United Nations, international treaties and terrorism, to evaluate potential solutions to global issues.

Compare and contrast the values, ideals, and principles that are the foundation of a democratic republic and the role citizens play in a constitutional democracy, to the theories and practices of non-democratic governments (e.g., socialism found in communism and nationalism found in fascism).

Examine how the First Amendment provides for freedom of religion and examine the following:

Free Exercise Clause.

Establishment Clause.

Develop an understanding of how the Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, and Eighth Amendments provide citizens with legal protections/defendants’ rights.

Develop an understanding of how the Fourteenth Amendment provides for equal protection and due process.

Examine the opportunity costs in ever-present scarcity for individuals, businesses, and societies to understand how to make choices when facing unlimited wants with limited resources.

Debate an effective allocation of the factors of production that encourages healthy economic growth and sustainability while curbing environmental abuses in the global community.

Explain how supply and demand affects prices, profits, and availability of goods and services.

Describe how households, businesses, and government interact in a free-market economy.

Demonstrate that the purpose of American government is the protection of personal, political and economic rights of citizens as evidenced by the Declaration of Independence, the U.S. Constitution, Constitutional Amendments, and the ideas of those involved in the establishment of American government.

Identify economic influences that impact business climate on the local, regional, and global level.

Track the evolution of currency throughout history to facilitate the exchange of goods and services.

Use census data and public records to identify patterns of change and continuity to understand the impact of the following on society.

Zoning

Migration

Ethnicity

Income

Gender Differences

Age Differences

Education

Voting Behavior

Family Structure

Conduct research using demographic data to interpret, debate, and evaluate the geopolitical implications of a variety of global issues.

Environment and Environmental Protection

Political and Cultural Boundaries

Women’s Rights

Cultural Diversity and Assimilation

Religion

Standard of Living

Analyze the role of sustainable development in the lives of 21st Century citizens (e.g. renewable energy, recycling, reusing, land use policy, ocean management and energy policy) to balance healthy economic growth with environmental protection.

Analyze the consequences of human and environmental interaction using geographic information systems.

Explore various routes of personal travel and topography using geographic information systems.

Compare and contrast the factors of development for developed and developing countries, including the causes and implications of the following:

population (including migration, immigration, birth rate, and life expectancy);

natural resources and environmental protection;

income, industry, trade, and Gross Domestic Product;

climate and geographic conditions;

cultural and social factors;

political management, legal system, and stability;

educational opportunities; and

standard of living.

Consider factors that subvert liberty (including lack of education, voter apathy, disenfranchisement, civil inequalities, economic issues, loss of public trust, and misuse of government power), then collaborate, compromise, and by consensus, create a model that informed citizens can use to defend and perpetuate the American Republic.

Examine and analyze the contributing factors to the drafting of the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution.

Leaders and philosophers (e.g., John Locke, James Madison, Thomas Jefferson John Adams, and Natural Rights philosophy).

Events (e.g., Glorious Revolution, Reformation, and Enlightenment)

Documents (e.g., English Bill of Rights, Petition of Right, and Magna Carta)

Classical periods (e.g., eras of Greece, Rome, and Classical Republicanism).

Principles (e.g., popular sovereignty, federalism, limited government, separation of powers, checks and balances, civil liberties, rule of law, republicanism, and Constitutional principles).

Judeo-Christian influence.

Examine the compromises of the Constitutional Convention and how those decisions were characterized in the Federalist and the Anti-Federalist papers.

Evaluate the elements in the U.S. Constitution that make it a living document with democratic principles that are modified and expanded to meet the changing needs of society.

Investigate the system of government created by the Preamble, Seven Articles, the Bill of Rights, and other Amendments of the U.S. Constitution to evaluate how the framework for American society is provided.

Analyze how the U.S. Constitution defines federalism and outlines a structure for the United States government.

History

Geography

Economics

Civics

Analyze the extent to which the fundamental United States democratic values and principles of republicanism and constitutionalism impact global conflicts among individuals, communities, and nations.

Liberty and equality.

Individual rights and the common good.

Majority rule and minority rights.

Rule of Law and ethics (e.g., civil disobedience).

Patriotism.

Critique the competing ideologies of capitalism and socialism.

Analyze the causes and consequences of the United States’ national debt and its effect upon world economic systems and foreign policy decisions.

Identify various developed countries and developing countries and evaluate their Gross Domestic Product to determine the standard of living of their citizens (e.g., health care, education, military, industrial, and agricultural capabilities).

Analyze and evaluate the changing boundaries of world maps as a result of wars (e.g., Europe, World War I, World War II, Cold War Era, and conflicts in the Middle East).

Apply census data to analyze the demographics of population growth that lead to the exhaustion of resources and cultural conflict (e.g., water, agricultural land, energy, and food supplies).

Explain how natural resources of various world regions impact foreign and economic policy decisions.

Demonstrate an understanding of the events that illustrate the United States’ emergence as a world power beginning in 1914.

Analyze United States isolationism, neutrality and entanglement in world affairs.

List and explain underlying causes, major players and the effects of World War I.

Explain the connection between the introduction of modern warfare, advancement of military technology and the massive casualties in World War I.

Analyze the primary motivations behind Wilson’s idealistic Fourteen Points and the subsequent failure of the League.

Compare relief efforts and interventions of the 1918 pandemic to modern global health concerns.

Demonstrate an understanding of society in the 1920s by examining the changing cultural, economic, and political philosophies, and the ensuing consequences.

Identify the Wall Street and United States banking practices that reform legislation sought to address.

Analyze the impact of the emerging independence of women (e.g., suffrage, double standard, flappers, and employment opportunities).

Analyze the conflict over increased immigration (e.g., Red Scare, Johnson Act, quotas, etc.).

Identify the social issues that led to the passage of the Eighteenth Amendment and the establishment of Prohibition, and discuss the factors that led to its repeal in the Twenty-first Amendment.

Identify specific examples of the literary, musical, and artistic movements (e.g., Harlem Renaissance, jazz, and the Lost Generation).

Demonstrate an understanding of both the immediate and long-term impact of the Great Depression on society, economics, and politics within the United States and world.

Assess the prolonged impact of the stock market crash upon the social and economic activities of the United States and the world.

Evaluate the impact of the New Deal and deficit spending on the expansion of the size and scope of the federal government.

Explain how the world economic crisis enabled the growth of totalitarian governments.

Critique the role of sports, movies, radio and other forms of entertainment in the development of a new culture in America.

Demonstrate an understanding of the events surrounding World War II.

Examine the reasons why appeasement efforts such as the Munich Agreement (1938) failed to prevent war.

Demonstrate an understanding of the term genocide and the causes and devastating outcomes during the Holocaust.

Assess Japan’s motives for attacking Pearl Harbor and its impact on the United States entrance in World War II.

Examine the consequences of war faced by the Japanese in the United States and Japan.

Identify the domestic contributions from Americans during the war (e.g., Rosie the Riveters [Rosies], victory gardens, war bond sales, wartime propaganda and opportunities for minorities).

Demonstrate an understanding of the United States’ motivations for rebuilding nations destroyed by World War II (e.g., occupation of Japan, Marshall Plan, etc.).

Analyze the duties of citizens that are necessary to promote global democracy.

Public forums (local, national, and/or global).

Analysis of voting apathy and resulting consequences.

Personal freedoms throughout the world.

Role of international government and non-government organizations (e.g., League of Nations and United Nations).

Demonstrate an understanding of the competing ideologies of communism and democracy and the conflict between the United States and Soviet Union superpowers from the post World War II era through early 1990’s.

Assess the destructive capability of atomic and hydrogen weaponry (e.g., Oppenheimer, Manhattan Project, Trinity Test, etc.).

Trace the expansion of Soviet and Chinese communism to satellite nations.

Analyze the impact of the Truman Doctrine and containment policy through different presidential administrations.

Identify major confrontations between the United States and the Soviet Union as a result of the fears within American society related to communism and the Space Race.

Analyze and explain the political, social, and economic impact of American involvement in the Korean Conflict and Vietnam War.

Analyze the impact of the United States’ policies of the 1980s on the collapse of the former Soviet Union.

Demonstrate an understanding of the origins, struggles, and achievements of marginalized communities that sought equality in the United States.

Examine and identify the foundations of the Civil Rights Movement through documents (e.g., Declaration of Independence, U.S. Constitution, etc.) and Supreme Court decisions (e.g., Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. BOE Topeka). Analyze the origins of the Civil Rights movements.

Investigate the legal justification and cite examples of intolerance, prejudice, persecution, discrimination and segregation through Jim Crow laws.

Debate the role of activists for and against the Civil Rights Movement (e.g., Ku Klux Klan, Black Panthers, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., Southern Christian Leadership Conference, Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee, American Indian Movement, Chicano Movement, and United Farm Workers Organizing Committee).

Design a timeline of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States that includes key people, places, and events.

Demonstrate an understanding of the social conflicts that challenged lifestyles in the second half of the 20th century.

Investigate and identify the causes and effects of Americans migrating to the suburbs after World War II.

Identify and examine changes brought about by media sources to American cultural, economic and political behavior (e.g., television, Rock ‘n’ Roll, protest songs, the Internet and social media platforms, etc.).

Summarize the various counterculture movements and their causes and effects on American society.

Analyze the impact of federal government actions on citizens’ level of trust in the federal government (e.g., Watergate, Iran Contra, Pentagon Papers, Clinton Impeachment, etc.).

Demonstrate an understanding of United States foreign policy and global economic issues since 1990.

Evaluate American foreign policy concerning abuses of human rights (e.g., Serbian and Rwandan genocides, apartheid in South Africa, etc.).

Debate the motivation for adopting NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) and GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade), and assess their impact on the American and world economies.

Evaluate the causes of 9/11 and the ensuing Global War on Terrorism.

Demonstrate an understanding of America’s continued role in shaping the complex global community since September 11, 2001.

Assess the results of American foreign policy relating to Middle Eastern countries (e.g., Israel, Iran, the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan on the war against terror, etc.).

Outline provisions of the P.A.T.R.I.O.T. Act and debate the necessity of infringements on American civil rights.

Critique the effectiveness of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan on the war against terror.

Analyze both the positive and negative aspects of the internet and social networking in revolutionizing popular thought and organizing people throughout the world (e.g., Tea Party, Arab Spring, Occupy Wall Street, Wi-Fi, social media).

Research and analyze United States and world responses to Islamic State in Iraq and Syria’s (ISIS) rise in Iraq and Syria.

Analyze ways United States and world conflicts can be resolved in a cooperative and peaceful manner (e.g., United Nations, etc.).

Evaluate court cases essential to fundamental democratic principles and values (e.g., Brown v. BOE Topeka, Miranda v. Arizona, Roe v. Wade, Gideon v. Wainwright, Obergefell v. Hodges, Tinker v. Des Moines, etc.).

Select and participate in a volunteer service or project with a community or Veteran’s organization (e.g., American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Women Veterans of America, Ronald McDonald House, Special Olympics, 4-H, etc.).

Analyze the impact the United States industrialized economy had on the outcome of World War I and subsequent wars (e.g., Lend/Lease Act, National Interstate Defensive Highways Act, NASA, and nuclear arms race).

Assess how various executive initiatives and legislative acts have influenced the United States economy (e.g., New Deal, Great Society, Space Race, and Strategic Defense Initiative).

Demonstrate an understanding of supply and demand in various historic events that led to economic turmoil.

Cite evidence of the economic and cultural impact of advertising and the growth of consumerism (e.g., differentiate between wants and needs).

Application

Economics

Analyze the role of economic choices in scarcity, supply and demand, resource allocation, decision-making, voluntary exchange, and trade-offs (Choices).

Explain and give examples of opportunity costs (trade-offs) and scarcity, and analyze how these concepts are the basis of other concepts in economics.

Compare and contrast examples of private and public goods and services.

Evaluate the costs and benefits of allocating goods and services through public and private means.

Describe and compare relationships among economic institutions (e.g., households, businesses, banks, government agencies, and labor unions).

Explain how specialization and division of labor in economic systems increase productivity.

Describe the role of money and other forms of exchange in the economic process.

Compare and analyze how values and beliefs influence economic decisions in different economic systems.

Evaluate economic systems according to how laws, rules and procedures deal with demand, supply, and prices.

Evaluate historical and current social developments and issues from an economic perspective.

Explain historical and current developments and issues in local, national, and global contexts from an economic perspective.

Research, critique, and evaluate the roles of private and public institutions in the economy (Institutions).

Define inflation and explain its effects on economic systems.

Define and analyze the use of fiscal and monetary policy in the national economic system.

Explain the process of international trade from an economic perspective.

Analyze and evaluate growth and stability in different economic systems.

Analyze a public issue from an economic perspective and propose a socially desirable solution.

Evaluate the role of the factors of production in a market economy.

Compare, contrast, and evaluate different types of economies (traditional, command, market, mixed).

Explain how and why people who start new businesses take risks to provide goods and services.

Identify, define and explain basic economic concepts (e.g., opportunity costs, scarcity, supply, demand, production, exchange and consumption, labor, wages, and capital, inflation and deflation, market economy and command economy, public and private goods and services).

Describe and explain the role of money, banking, savings, and budgeting in everyday life.

Compare and contrast various economic systems and analyze their impact on individual citizens.

Distinguish between private goods and services (e.g., the family car or a local restaurant) and public goods and services (e.g., the interstate highway system or the United States Postal Service).

Compare and contrast how values and beliefs, such as economic freedom, economic efficiency, equity, full employment, price stability, security, and growth influence decisions in different economic situations.

Explain the basic characteristics of international trade, including absolute and comparative advantage, barriers to trade, exchange rates, and balance of trade.

Describe and explain global economic interdependence and competition, using examples to illustrate their influence on national and international policies.

Evaluate long-term and short-term costs in relationship to long and short-term benefits.

Identify different economic goals and the tradeoffs that must be made between economic and social goals.

Describe the aims of government fiscal policies (taxation, borrowing and spending) and their influence on production, employment, and price levels).

Explain the basic principles of the United States free enterprise system (e.g., opportunity costs, scarcity, profit motive, voluntary exchange, private property rights, and competition).

Explain the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of sole proprietorships, partnerships, and corporations.

Describe characteristics and give examples of pure competition, monopolistic competition, and oligopolistic competition.

Describe and demonstrate how the factors of production apply to the United States economic system (Factors of Production).

Analyze the factors involved in the process of acquiring consumer goods and services including credit, interest, and insurance.

Career options.

Identify careers in economics.

Identify resources to help select economics programs for further study.

Educational requirements.

Identify degree requirements for economist and economics-related careers.

Identify resources to help select economics programs for further study.

Vocational applications of economics.

Discuss ways in which economics addresses domestic and global issues.

Identify careers in economics that have evolved as a result of domestic and global issues.

Analyze the elements of competition and how they impact the economy (Competition).

Examine and evaluate the interdependence of global economies.

Explain and give examples showing how scarcity of goods and services forces people to make choices about needs and wants.

Analyze how the scarcity of natural, technological, capital, and human resources requires economic systems to make choices about the distribution of goods and services.

Explain the role that supply and demand, prices, incentives, and profits play in determining what is produced and distributed in a free enterprise system.

Application

Geography

Interpret, use and construct maps, globes, and other geographic tools to locate and derive information about personal directions, people, places, and environments (The World in Spatial Terms).

Identify and define the world’s physical and cultural regions, including political and historical characteristics, and their interdependence in regard to trade, services, migration, and cultural values.

Analyze populations with regard to life expectancy, infant mortality rates, population pyramids, migration, and birth and death rates.

Evaluate the impact of migration on physical and human systems.

Analyze growth, decline, and development of cities over time.

Compare and contrast the impact of competition for limited resources on an interdependent global economy (e.g., distribution, sustainability, conflict, and resolution).

Examine global social and political factors and their implications.

Analyze ethnicity, nationalism, and religion of regional cultures in a global society (e.g., major world religions, various ethnic groups, and rigidity of societal norms).

Analyze the influence of geographical features on the evolution of significant historic events and movements.

Analyze the impact of technology or its lack on environments and societies over time.

Analyze connections between physical geography and isolation from the world community which result in cultural and political instability.

Describe the physical and human characteristics of place and explain how the lives of people are rooted in places and regions (Places and Regions).

Identify causes and draw conclusions about landless cultures.

Compare and contrast standards of living in poverty-stricken areas with advanced societies (e.g., basic needs, education, economic opportunities, and technological advances).

Utilize various geographic information systems to gain insight into people and their place in the world.

Career options.

Identify careers in geography.

Identify resources to help select geography programs for further study.

Educational requirements.

Identify degree requirements for geographers and geography-related careers.

Identify resources to help select geography programs for further study.

Vocational applications of geography.

Discuss ways in which geography addresses domestic and global issues.

Identify careers in geography that have evolved as a result of domestic and global issues.

Describe and explain the physical processes that shape the earth’s surface and create, sustain, and modify the cultural and natural environment (Physical Systems).

Identify, explain, and analyze how the earth is shaped by the movement of people and their activities (Human Systems).

Analyze the interaction of society with the environment (Environment and Society).

Explain geographic perspective and the tools and techniques available for geographic study (Uses of Geography).

Analyze the world and account for consequences of human/environment interactions depicting the geographic implications of world events.

Explain components of the Earth’s physical systems and their interrelationships (e.g., landforms, bodies of water, atmosphere, and geologic factors).

Identify factors that contribute to human and physical changes in places and regions.

Application

Individual Variations

Sociocultural Context

Development and Learning

Cognition

Biopsyhological

Scientific Inquiry

Psychology

Application

Sociology

Sociology

Application

Geography

Geography

Application

Economics

Economics

Geography

Personal Finance

Economics

Civics

Civics

History

Geography

Economics

Civics

Contemporary Studies

History

Geography

Economics

Civics

United States Studies - Comprehensive

History

Geography

Economics

Civics

United States Studies

History

Geography

Economics

Civics

World Studies

Strive to become vigilant, informed citizens who actively participate in the preservation and improvement of American government through community service and service-learning (e.g., individual service projects, patriotic events, mock trials, group initiatives, community volunteerism).

Analyze the protection of liberties in the Bill of Rights and their expansion through judicial review and the gradual incorporation of those rights by the Fourteenth Amendment.

Analyze how the freedoms of speech and press in a democratic society enable citizens to develop informed opinions, express their views, shape public policy and monitor government actions.

Determine how conflicts between the rights of citizens and society's need for order can be resolved while preserving both liberty and safety.

Compare and contrast the original and appellate jurisdictions of local, state and national judicial systems to show how America's court system addresses criminal and civil cases.

Apply the concepts of legal precedent through past and present landmark Supreme Court cases, interpretations of the U.S. Constitution by the Supreme Court and the impact of these decisions on American society.

Develop an understanding of the American legal system through examining existing ordinances, statutes and Federal Acts, exploring the differences between criminal and civil law and determining the legal obligations and liabilities of American citizenship.

Critique the evolution of the two-party system in the United States, evaluate how society and political parties have changed over time and analyze how political parties function today.

Assess the influence of the media on public opinion and on the decisions of elected officials and the bureaucracy:

bias in reporting and editorials

push-pull polls and selective reporting of citizen opinions

advertising and campaign ads

reporting news out of context

Investigate the impact that special interest groups have on shaping public policy at local, state and national levels.

Assess how factors such as campaign finance, participation of the electorate, and demographic factors influence the outcome of elections.

Explore social contracts and the establishment of the rule of law, and evaluate how limited government and the rule of law protect individual rights.

Examine how decisions and policies of state and local government impact the lives of citizens—such as local issues and problems, structure of local government (e.g., differences in incorporation, providing public services and mayoral styles), zoning and annexation, land use and urban sprawl, and ordinances and jurisdiction.

Explore cooperation, competition and conflict among nations through organizations, agreements and protocols, political acts and other exchanges—such as the United Nations, international treaties and terrorism—to evaluate potential solutions to global issues.

Compare and contrast the values, ideals and principles that are the foundation of a democratic republic and the role citizens play in a constitutional democracy, to the theories and practices of non-democratic governments (e.g. socialism found in communism and nationalism found in fascism).

Examine the opportunity costs in ever-present scarcity for individuals, businesses and societies to understand how to make choices when facing unlimited wants with limited resources.

Debate an effective allocation of the factors of production that encourages healthy economic growth and sustainability while curbing environmental abuses in the global community.

Explain how supply and demand affects prices, profits, and availability of goods and services.

Debate the role of government in a free-market economy.

Describe how households, businesses and government interact in a free-market economy.

Identify economic influences that impact business climate on the local, regional and global level.

Track the evolution of currency throughout history to facilitate the exchange of goods and services.

Demonstrate that the purpose of American government is the protection of personal, political and economic rights of citizens as evidenced by the Declaration of Independence, the U. S. Constitution, Constitutional Amendments and the ideas of those involved in the establishment of American government.

Investigate the cost of postsecondary education.

Determine the tuition and fees of several specific public and private, two and four year institutions.

Examine room and board cost for students that live on campus.

Examine commuting costs for attending a local institution (gas, car maintenance, distance, time).

Compare text book costs (used books, new books, digital rentals, Amazon, eCampus, local bookstore, text loaning programs).

Determine personal expenses (hobbies, restaurants, entertainment, transportation, gas, bills, rent, insurance, cellphone).

Examine the net price different postsecondary institutions utilizing the net price calculator required to be posted on all postsecondary institution's web pages.

Identify sources of financial aid.

Examine and understand Financial Aid terminology (e.g. FAFSA, EFC, grant, cost of attendance).

Explore the application process for student loan qualifications and the repayment process.

Evaluate income, lifestyle, and career opportunities based on education and financial aid decisions.

Differentiate the annual income of a college graduate compared to a high school graduate.

Differentiate between gross and net income (e.g., taxes, insurance and pension plans).

Explore how earning a degree impacts lifestyle, lifelong earning potential, and personal wants versus needs.

Investigate the consequences of personal choices in relation to finances.

Construct, utilize, and monitor a budget for a recent high school graduate.

Construct, utilize, and monitor a budget for a recent college graduate.

Compare and contrast the budgets of a high school graduate and a recent college graduate.

Explore how benefits packages, unions, and professional organizations impact lifestyle and career choices.

Examine the expectations and benefits of potential careers and their impact on lifelong earning potential

Examine general workforce preparedness skills.

Develop a resume showing skills, experiences and education that can be used when applying for a job, a scholarship, or college.

Participate in mock job interviews.

Identify workplace expectation, including prompt attendance, timeliness and efficiencies.

Examine the causes of bankruptcy and how to avoid them.

Complete Federal and State income tax forms and examine other state and local taxes.

Examine the advantages and disadvantages of different types of consumer debt to make sound financial decisions (e.g., home loans, credit card debt, automobile loans, pay-day loans and rent-to-own).

Develop the knowledge and practices of a savvy consumer who knows consumer rights and responsibilities, can identify and avoid fraudulent practices and guard against identify theft.

Utilize traditional and online banking services as well as examining fees, services and hidden costs of checking, savings, debit cards, Certificates of Deposit, etc.

Examine financial habits that promote economic security, stability and growth:

investments (e.g., stocks, mutual funds, certificates of deposits and commodity trading)

insurance (e.g., life insurance, health insurance, automobile insurance, home and renters insurance and retirement plans).

Consider factors that subvert liberty (including lack of education, voter apathy, disenfranchisement, civil inequalities, economic issues, loss of public trust and misuse of government power), then collaborate, compromise, and by consensus, create a model that informed citizens can use to defend and perpetuate the American Republic.

use census data and public records to identify patterns of change and continuity to understand the impact of the following on society:

zoning

migration

ethnicity

income

gender differences

age differences

education

voting behavior

family structure

Conduct research using demographic data to interpret, debate and evaluate the geopolitical implications of a variety of global issues:

the environment and environmental protection

political and cultural boundaries

women's rights

cultural diversity and assimilation

religion

standard of living

Analyze the role of sustainable development in the lives of 21st Century citizens (e.g. renewable energy, recycling, reusing, land use policy, ocean management and energy policy) to balance healthy economic growth with environmental protection.

Analyze the consequences of human and environmental interaction using geographic information systems.

Explore various routes of personal travel and topography using geographic information systems.

compare and contrast the factors of development for developed and developing countries, including the causes and implications of the following:

population (including migration, immigration, birth rate and life expectancy)

natural resources and environmental protection

income, industry, trade and Gross Domestic Product

climate and geographic conditions

cultural and social factors

political management, legal system and stability

educational opportunities

standard of living

Examine and analyze the contributing factors to the drafting of the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution:

leaders and philosophers (e.g., John Locke, James Madison, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams)

events (e.g., Glorious Revolution, Reformation and Enlightenment)

documents (e.g., English Bill of Rights, Petition of Right and Magna Carta)

classical periods (e.g., eras of Greece and Rome)

principles (e.g., popular sovereignty, federalism, limited government, separation of powers, checks and balances, civil liberties and rule of law

Examine the compromises of the Constitutional Convention and how those decisions were characterized in the Federalist and the Anti-Federalist papers.

Evaluate the elements in the U.S. Constitution that make it a living document with democratic principles that are modified and expanded to meet the changing needs of society.

Investigate the system of government created by the Preamble, Seven Articles, the Bill of Rights and other Amendments of the U.S. Constitution to evaluate how the framework for American society is provided.

Analyze how the U.S. Constitution defines federalism and outlines a structure for the United States government.

Evaluate, then defend, the importance of the fundamental democratic values and principles of U.S. constitutional democracy in a global context including conflicts between individuals, communities and nations.

liberty and equality

individual rights and the common good

majority rule and minority rights

Rule of Law and ethics (e.g., civil disobedience)

patriotism

Critique the competing ideologies of various economic systems (e.g., Capitalism, Socialism and Communism) and resulting world conflicts.

Analyze the causes and consequences of the United States' national debt and their effect upon world economic systems.

Identify various developed countries (MDC) and developing countries (LDC) and evaluate their GDP to determine the standard of living of their citizens (e.g., health care, education, military, industrial and agricultural capabilities).

Analyze and evaluate the changing boundaries of world maps as a result of wars (e.g., Europe World War I, World War II, Cold War Era and Middle East conflicts).

Identify and locate the countries that enjoy topographical protection from invasion as opposed to countries that rely on political boundaries.

Use census data to analyze the demographics of population growth that lead to the exhaustion of resources and cultural conflict (e.g., water, agricultural land, energy and food supplies).

Connect how natural resources of various world regions impact foreign and economic policy decisions (e.g., Middle Eastern oil supplies and United States coal deposits, etc.).

Hypothesize how human and environmental interactions pose a threat to mankind and the environment.

Demonstrate an understanding of the events that illustrate the United States' emergence as a world power beginning in 1914.

Analyze United States isolationism, neutrality and entanglement in world affairs.

List and explain underlying causes, major players and the effects of World War I.

Explain the connection between the advancement of military technology and the massive casualties in World War I.

Compare and contrast idealism and realism by analyzing the Treaty of Versailles, Wilson's Fourteen Points and the subsequent failure of the League of Nations.

Make connections between relief efforts and interventions of the 1918 pandemic to modern global health concerns.

Demonstrate an understanding of society in the Roaring 20's by examining the changing cultural, economic, and political philosophies, and the ensuing consequences.

Outline activities and irregularities of both Wall Street and United States banking practices followed by attempted reform legislation.

Analyze the impact that the emerging independence of women (e.g., suffrage, double standard, flappers and employment opportunities) and immigration issues had on society.

Research the social issues that led to the passage of the 18th Amendment and the establishment of Prohibition, and discuss the factors that led to its repeal in the 21st Amendment (e.g. organized crime, Great Depression and changing social values).

Investigate literary, musical and artistic movements (e.g., Harlem Renaissance, jazz and the Lost Generation).

Justify the duties of citizens that are necessary to preserve global democracy.

public forums (local, national, and/or global)

analysis of voting apathy and resulting consequences

personal freedoms throughout the world

role of international government and non-government organizations (e.g., League of Nations and U.N.)

Demonstrate an understanding of the immediate and lasting economic, social and political effects caused by the Great Depression in the United States and throughout the world.

Assess the prolonged effects of the stock market crash upon the social and economic activities of the U.S. and the world.

Investigate the expansion of government with New Deal legislation and resulting deficit spending.

Explain how the world economic crisis enabled the growth of totalitarian governments (e.g., Fascism and Nazism).

Critique the role of sports, movies, radio and other forms of entertainment in the development of a new culture in America.

Demonstrate an understanding of the events surrounding World War II.

Explore how appeasement efforts such as the Munich Agreement (1938) failed to prevent war.

Examine and evaluate the suffering and human cost of the propaganda and genocide of the Nazi Holocaust.

Assess the Japan's motives for attacking Pearl Harbor and the attack's effect on the outcome of WWII.

Examine and identify the penalties of war faced by the Japanese in the United States and their homeland.

Identify the contributions from the home front during the war (e.g. Rosie the Riveters - "Rosies", victory gardens, war bond sales, wartime propaganda and opportunities for minorities).

Investigate and cite evidence about the significance of the events in the European and Pacific Theaters.

Hypothesize America's reasons for rebuilding war torn countries and trace the rationale and origins of cooperation that led to the creation of the United Nations.

Demonstrate an understanding of the competing ideologies of communism and democracy and the conflict between the United States and Soviet Union superpowers from the post WWII era through early 1990's.

Assess the destructive capability of atomic and hydrogen weaponry.

Trace the expansion of Soviet and Chinese communism to satellite nations.

Explore the motivation and legacy of the Truman Doctrine and containment policy through different presidential administrations.

Outline and discuss major confrontations between the United States and Soviets and explain the fears of American society related to communism and the Race to Space.

Analyze and explain the political, social and economic causes and consequences of American involvement in the Korean Conflict and Vietnam.

Connect the United States' governmental policies of the 1980s to the economic collapse of the Soviet Union.

Demonstrate an understanding of the origins, struggle and progress of racial minorities seeking social, economic and political equality in the United States.

Examine and identify the foundations of the Civil Rights Movement through documents (e.g., Declaration of Independence, U.S. Constitution, etc.) and Supreme Court decisions (e.g., Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. BOE Topeka).

Investigate and cite examples of intolerance, prejudice, persecution, discrimination and segregation (e.g., Black Codes and Jim Crow laws).

Debate the role of activists for and against the Civil Rights Movement (e.g., KKK, Black Panthers, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., SCLC, Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee, AIM, Chicano Movement and UFWOC).

Design a timeline of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States that includes key people, places and events.

Demonstrate an understanding of the social conflicts that challenged traditional values in the second half of the twentieth century.

Investigate and identify the effects of Americans migrating to the suburbs after World War II.

Identify and examine changes brought about by media sources to American cultural, economic and political behavior. (e.g., television, Rock 'n' Roll, protest songs, etc.).

Summarize the various counterculture movements and their effect on American society.

Connect events to continued questions of trust in federal government (e.g., Watergate, Iran Contra and Pentagon Papers).

Demonstrate an understanding of United States foreign policy and global economic issues since 1990.

Evaluate American foreign policy concerning abuses of human rights.

Critique the domestic and military policies of the 1990's.

Determine the motivation for adopting NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) and GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade), then assess their effects on the American and world economies.

Evaluate acts of terrorism before and after 9/11.

Demonstrate an understanding of America's continued role in shaping the complex global community since September 11, 2001.

Assess the results of American foreign policy relating to Middle Eastern countries.

Outline provisions of the P.A.T.R.I.O.T. Act (Providing Appropriate Tools Required (to) Intercept (and) Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001) and assess the necessity of such infringements on American civil rights.

Critique the effectiveness of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan on the war against terror.

Analyze both the positive and negative aspects of the Internet and social networking in revolutionizing popular thought, and organizing people throughout the world (e.g., Tea Party, Arab Spring, Occupy Wall Street, Wi-Fi, Google and Facebook).

Research and analyze U.S. and World responses to ISIS's (Islamic State in Iraq and Syria) rise in Iraq and Syria.

Analyze and apply ways U.S. and world conflicts can be resolved in a cooperative and peaceful manner.

Evaluate court cases essential to fundamental democratic principles and values (e.g., amendments since 1920, Brown v. BOE Topeka, Miranda v. Arizona, Roe v. Wade and the P.A.T.R.I.O.T. Act).

Select and participate in a volunteer service or project with a community or Veteran's organization (e.g., American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Women Veterans of America, Ronald McDonald House, Special Olympics, 4-H, etc.).

Analyze the industrial organization of the American economy and connect its effects on the outcome of World War I and subsequent wars (e.g., loans, Lend/Lease Act, Marshall Plan and nuclear arms race).

Assess how various executive initiatives and legislative acts influence the United States economy (e.g., Fourteen Points, New Deal, Domino Theory, Great Society, Space Race and Strategic Defense Initiative).

Apply the concept of supply and demand in various historic events as a cause of economic turmoil (e.g., Prohibition, O.P.E.C, etc.).

Cite evidence of the economic and cultural impact of advertising and the growth of consumerism (e.g., differentiate between wants and needs).

Analyze the role of economic choices in scarcity, supply and demand, resource allocation, decision-making, voluntary exchange and trade-offs (Choices).

Explain and give examples of opportunity costs (trade-offs) and scarcity, and analyze how these concepts are the basis of other concepts in economics.

Compare and contrast examples of private and public goods and services.

Evaluate the costs and benefits of allocating goods and services through public and private means.

Describe and compare relationships among economic institutions (e.g., households, businesses, banks, government agencies and labor unions).

Explain how specialization and division of labor in economic systems increase productivity.

Describe the role of money and other forms of exchange in the economic process.

Compare and analyze how values and beliefs influence economic decisions in different economic systems.

Evaluate economic systems according to how laws, rules and procedures deal with demand, supply and prices.

Evaluate historical and current social developments and issues from an economic perspective.

Explain historical and current developments and issues in local, national and global contexts from an economic perspective.

Research, critique and evaluate the roles of private and public institutions in the economy (Institutions).

Define inflation and explain its effects on economic systems.

Define and analyze the use of fiscal and monetary policy in the national economic system.

Explain the process of international trade from an economic perspective.

Analyze and evaluate growth and stability in different economic systems.

Analyze a public issue from an economic perspective and propose a socially desirable solution.

Evaluate the role of the factors of production in a market economy.

Compare, contrast and evaluate different types of economies (traditional, command, market, mixed).

Explain how and why people who start new businesses take risks to provide goods and services.

Identify, define and explain basic economic concepts (e.g., opportunity costs, scarcity, supply, demand, production, exchange and consumption, labor, wages, and capital, inflation and deflation, market economy and command economy, public and private goods and services).

Describe and explain the role of money, banking, savings and budgeting in everyday life.

Compare and contrast various economic systems and analyze their impact on individual citizens (Economic Systems).

Distinguish between private goods and services (e.g., the family car or a local restaurant) and public goods and services (e.g., the interstate highway system or the United States Postal Service).

Compare and contrast how values and beliefs, such as economic freedom, economic efficiency, equity, full employment, price stability, security and growth influence decisions in different economic situations.

Explain the basic characteristics of international trade, including absolute and comparative advantage, barriers to trade, exchange rates, and balance of trade.

Describe and explain global economic interdependence and competition, using examples to illustrate their influence on national and international policies.

Evaluate long term and short term costs in relationship to long and short-term benefits.

Identify different economic goals and the tradeoffs that must be made between economic and social goals.

Describe the aims of government fiscal policies (taxation, borrowing and spending) and their influence on production, employment and price levels.

Explain the basic principles of the U.S. free enterprise system (e.g., opportunity costs, scarcity, profit motive, voluntary exchange, private property rights and competition).

Explain the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of sole proprietorships, partnerships and corporations.

Describe characteristics and give examples of pure competition, monopolistic competition and oligopolistic competition.

Describe and demonstrate how the factors of production apply to the United States economic system (Factors of Production).

Analyze the factors involved in the process of acquiring consumer goods and services including credit, interest and insurance.

Career options:

Identify careers in economics.

Identify resources to help select economics programs for further study.

Educational requirements:

Identify degree requirements for economist and economics-related careers.

Identify resources to help select psychology programs for further study.

Vocational applications of economics:

Discuss ways in which economics addresses domestic and global issues.

Identify careers in economics that have evolved as a result of domestic and global issues.

Analyze the elements of competition and how they impact the economy (Competition).

Examine and evaluate the interdependence of global economies.

Explain and give examples showing how scarcity of goods and services forces people to make choices about needs and wants.

Analyze how the scarcity of natural, technological, capital and human resources requires economic systems to make choices about the distribution of goods and services.

Explain the role that supply and demand, prices, incentives and profits play in determining what is produced and distributed in a free enterprise system.

Interpret, use and construct maps, globes and other geographic tools to locate and derive information about personal directions, people, places and environments (The World in Spatial Terms).

Identify and define the world's physical and cultural regions, including political and historical characteristics, and their interdependence in regard to trade, services, migration and cultural values.

Analyze populations with regard to life expectancy, infant mortality rates, population pyramids, migration, birth and death rates.

Evaluate the impact of migration on physical and human systems (e.g., demand for housing, schools, water supply, sewer systems, welfare systems, political systems and food production).

Analyze growth, decline, and development of cities over time.

Compare and contrast the impact of competition for limited resources on an interdependent global economy (e.g. distribution, sustainability, conflict and resolution).

Examine global social and political factors and their implications (e.g., climate change, endangered species, terrorism, air pollution, habitat destruction, floods and universal human rights).

Analyze ethnicity, nationalism and religion on regional cultures in a global society (e.g. major world religions, various ethnic groups and rigidity of societal norms).

Analyze the influence of geographical features on the evolution of significant historic events and movements.

Analyze the impact of technology or its lack on environments and societies over time.

Analyze connections between physical geography and isolation from the world community which result in cultural and political instability (e.g., Afghanistan, rural areas throughout the world, drought stricken areas of Africa, North Korea, China and Iran).

Describe the physical and human characteristics of place and explain how the lives of people are rooted in places and regions (Places and Regions).

Identify causes and draw conclusions about landless cultures (e.g., Kurds, Basques, and Palestinians).

Compare and contrast standards of living in poverty-stricken areas with advanced societies (e.g. basic needs, education, economic opportunities and technological advances).

Utilize various geographic information systems to gain insight into people and their place in the world.

Career options:

Identify careers in geography.

Identify resources to help select geography programs for further study.

Educational requirements:

Identify degree requirements for geographers and geography-related careers.

Identify resources to help select psychology programs for further study.

Vocational applications of geography:

Discuss ways in which geography addresses domestic and global issues.

Identify careers in geography that have evolved as a result of domestic and global issues.

Describe and explain the physical processes that shape the earth's surface and create, sustain and modify the cultural and natural environment (Physical Systems).

Identify, explain and analyze how the earth is shaped by the movement of people and their activities (Human Systems).

Analyze the interaction of society with the environment (Environment and Society).

Explain geographic perspective and the tools and techniques available for geographic study (Uses of Geography).

Analyze the world and account for consequences of human/environment interactions depicting the geographic implications of world events (e.g. catastrophic environmental and climatic events, wars and conflicts, ethnic cleansing and genocide).

Explain components of the Earth's physical systems and their interrelationships (e.g. landforms, bodies of water, atmosphere and geologic factors).

Identify factors that contribute to human and physical changes in places and regions.

Development of psychology as an empirical science:

Define psychology as a discipline and identify its goals as a science.

Describe the emergence of psychology as a scientific discipline.

Describe perspectives employed to understand behavior and mental processes.

Explain how psychology evolved as a scientific discipline.

Interaction of the person and the environment in determining perception:

Explain Gestalt principles of perception.

Describe binocular and monocular depth cues.

Describe the importance of perceptual constancies.

Describe the nature of attention.

Explain how experiences and expectations influence perception.

Encoding of memory:

Identify factors that influence encoding.

Characterize the difference between shallow (surface) and deep (elaborate) processing

Discuss strategies for improving the encoding of memory.

Storage and retrieval of memory:

Describe the differences between working memory and long-term memory.

Identify and explain biological processes related to how memory is stored.

Analyze the importance of retrieval cues in memory.

Discuss strategies for improving the retrieval of memories.

Basic elements comprising thought:

Define cognitive processes involved in understanding information.

Define processes involved in problem solving and decision making.

Discuss non-human problem-solving abilities.

Obstacles related to thought:

Describe obstacles to problem solving.

Describe obstacles to decision making.

Describe obstacles to making good judgments.

Classical conditioning:

Describe the principles of classical conditioning.

Describe clinical and experimental examples of classical conditioning.

Apply classical conditioning to everyday life.

Operant conditioning:

Describe the Law of Effect.

Describe the principles of operant conditioning.

Describe clinical and experimental examples of operant conditioning.

Apply operant conditioning to everyday life.

Social cognition:

Describe attributional explanations of behavior.

Describe the relationship between attitudes (implicit and explicit) and behavior.

Identify persuasive methods used to change attitudes.

Social influence and relations:

Describe effects of others' presence on individuals' behavior.

Discuss how an individual influences group behavior.

Discuss the nature and effects of stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination.

Describe determinants of prosocial behavior.

Discuss influences upon aggression and conflict.

Discuss factors influencing attraction and relationships.

Social and cultural diversity:

Define culture and diversity.

Identify how cultures change over time and vary within nations as well as internationally.

Discuss the relationship between culture and conceptions of self and identity.

Discuss psychological research examining race and ethnicity.

Discuss psychological research examining socioeconomic status.

Discuss how privilege and social power structures relate to stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination.

Major subfields within psychology:

Discuss the value of both basic and applied psychological research with human and non-human animals.

Describe the major subfields of psychology.

Identify the important role psychology plays in benefiting society and improving people's lives.

Perspectives on motivation:

Explain biologically based theories of motivation.

Explain cognitively based theories of motivation.

Explain humanistic theories of motivation.

Explain the role of culture in human motivation.

Perspectives on emotion:

Explain the biological and cognitive components of emotion.

Discuss psychological research on basic human emotions.

Differentiate among theories of emotional experience.

Perspectives on abnormal behavior:

Define psychologically abnormal behavior.

Describe historical and cross-cultural views of abnormality.

Describe major models of abnormality.

Discuss how stigma relates to abnormal behavior.

Discuss the impact of psychological disorders on the individual, family, and society.

Categories of psychological disorders:

Describe the classification of psychological disorders.

Discuss the challenges associated with diagnosis.

Describe symptoms and causes of major categories of psychological disorders (including schizophrenic, mood, anxiety, and personality disorders).

Evaluate how different factors influence an individual's experience of psychological disorders.

Perspectives on treatment of Psychological Disorders:

Explain how psychological treatments have changed over time and among cultures.

Match methods of treatment to psychological perspectives.

Explain why psychologists use a variety of treatment options.

Career options:

Identify careers in psychological science and practice.

Identify resources to help select psychology programs for further study.

Educational requirements:

Identify degree requirements for psychologists and psychology-related careers.

Identify resources to help select psychology programs for further study.

Vocational applications of psychological science:

Discuss ways in which psychological science addresses domestic and global issues.

Identify careers in psychological science that have evolved as a result of domestic and global issues.

Research methods and measurements used to study behavior and mental processes:

Describe the scientific method and its role in psychology.

Describe and compare a variety of quantitative (e.g., surveys, correlations, experiments) and qualitative (e.g., interviews, narratives, focus groups) research methods.

Define systematic procedures used to improve the validity of research findings, such as external validity.

Structure and function of the nervous system in human and non-human animals:

Identify the major divisions and subdivisions of the human nervous system.

Identify the parts of the neuron and describe the basic process of neural transmission

Differentiate between the structures and functions of the various parts of the central nervous system.

Describe lateralization of brain functions.

Discuss the mechanisms of, and the importance of, plasticity of the nervous system.

Structure and function of the endocrine system:

Describe how the endocrine glands are linked to the nervous system.

Describe the effects of hormones on behavior and mental processes.

Describe hormone effects on the immune system.

The interaction between biological factors and experience:

Describe concepts in genetic transmission.

Describe the interactive effects of heredity and environment.

Explain how evolved tendencies influence behavior.

Methods and issues related to biological advances:

Identify tools used to study the nervous system.

Describe advances made in neuroscience.

Discuss issues related to scientific advances in neuroscience and genetics.

The processes of sensation and perception:

Discuss processes of sensation and perception and how they interact.

Explain the concepts of threshold and adaptation.

The capabilities and limitations of sensory processes:

List forms of physical energy for which humans and non-human animals do and do not have sensory receptors.

Describe the visual sensory system.

Describe the auditory sensory system.

Describe other sensory systems, such as olfaction, gustation, and somesthesis (e.g., skin senses, kinesthesis, and vestibular sense).

Explain the origins of sociology, the sociological perspective, research methodologies, and theoretical perspectives in sociology.

Compare and contrast material and non-material culture.

Analyze the impact of globalization on the US and other world cultures and make predictions about future trends.

Explain the components of social structure; including status, role, and social institutions.

Research theories and stereotypes of poverty, and trace its relationship to geography and opportunity (e.g. access to healthcare/education, unemployment, housing.)

Identify the various social institutions in society (i.e. family, education, religion, economics, government/politics, medicine, military, law, science, and mass media).

Investigate the evolution of family structures and their impact on the individual in society.

Investigate aging and the process of death and dying in historical and contemporary world societies.

Compare and contrast various types of societies (e.g. developed vs. underdeveloped, urban vs. rural, industrialized vs. unindustrialized).

Categorize groups within a society by comparing primary and secondary groups, in and out groups, reference groups, and social networks.

Analyze the components, varieties, and functions of group dynamics; including factors such as group size, leadership, and authority.

Analyze & evaluate the development and evolution of culture and socialization within society.

Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of formal organizations and bureaucracies (e.g. unions, universities, public education, service organizations, veterans, churches).

Identify and evaluate the stages of socialization; including roles and responsibilities, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.

Evaluate the factors that socialize the individual (i.e. family, marital status, peers, education, gender, ethnicity, media, religion).

Describe how norms and values aid in the development of social control in society.

Analyze and evaluate the causes and consequences of deviant behavior on both the individual and society.

Examine the methods of social control in different types of societies and evaluate how groups and institutions promote social obedience and impose conformity.

Analyze the functions and inequalities of the criminal justice system in relation to a society's construct of crime and punishment.

Evaluate the effectiveness of institutions in the rehabilitation and resocialization process.

Explain how unequal distribution of power and resources affects the life chance of individuals in society.

Research the sources and effects of global stratification society (i.e. race, ethnicity, gender, age; and emotional, mental, and physical disabilities).

Analyze causes and effects of social inequality, theories of deviance and crime, and maintenance of social order.

List the various forms of collective behavior (e.g. crowds, riots, rumors, panics, mass hysteria, moral panics, fads, and urban legends).

Evaluate the impact of technology on social change.

Analyze the impact of demographic changes and changes in settlement patterns on a society (e.g. population, migration, mortality).

Career options:

Identify careers in sociology.

Identify resources to help select sociology programs for further study.

Educational requirements:

Identify careers in sociology.

Identify resources to help select psychology programs for further study.

Vocational applications of sociology:

Discuss ways in which sociology addresses domestic and global issues.

Identify careers in sociology that have evolved as a result of domestic and global issues.

Examine social changes and summarize the impact on society.

Trace the origins of sociology and the sociological perspective, and determine how sociology relates to the other social sciences.

Identify major research methods in sociology and the ethical practices used to guide research.

Compare and evaluate the theoretical perspectives of Structural Functionalism, Symbolic Interaction, and Conflict Theory.

Identify the basic components of culture and evaluate the importance of culture in society.

Analyze the components of cultural change and diversity (e.g. norms, beliefs, values, dehumanization, cults, multiculturalism, ethnocentrism, cultural relevance, folk culture, counterculture, subculture, and culture shock).

Evaluate, then defend, the importance of the fundamental democratic values and principles of U.S. constitutional democracy. Consider conflicts between individuals, communities and nations, liberty and equality, individual rights and the common good, majority rule and minority rights, and the rule of law vs. ethics (e.g., civil disobedience).

Explain the concept of capitalism and compare the basic components of other economic systems.

Apply correct vocabulary and geographic tools to determine and illustrate geographic concepts (e.g., major meridians of longitude and parallels of latitude, physical features, landforms, bodies of water, climatic regions, states and their capitals and relative and exact location).

Determine the most appropriate maps and graphics in an atlas for analyzing geographic issues regarding the growth and development of the United States (e.g., topography, movement of people, transportation routes, settlement patterns, growth of population and cities, etc.).

Interpret how people express attachment to places and regions (e.g., by reference to essays, novels, poems, short stories, feature films and songs)

Evaluate the impact of health and cultural considerations on the quality of life over different historical time periods (e.g., Colonial America, westward movement, late 19th and early 20th centuries and impact of epidemics).

Analyze the characteristics of cultural contributions of Native Americans, African Americans, Hispanics and all immigrants (e.g., Germans, Italians, Irish, etc.) to the new nation.

Analyze the impact of the environment, including the location of natural resources, on immigration and settlement patterns throughout U. S. history.

Analyze the ways in which physical and cultural geography have influenced significant historic events and movements.

Demonstrate an understanding of the European settlement of North America.

Trace the emergence of England as a global colonial power beginning in 1588.

Compare the progress of Jamestown and Plymouth colonies.

Identify and examine European colonial rivalries (e.g., conflicting land claims, empire building, etc.).

Summarize the distinct characteristics of each colonial region in the settlement and development of America, including religious, social, political and economic differences.

Demonstrate an understanding of the establishment of the United States as a new nation.

Explain the impact of the Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution on the American colonies and the world.

Explain the strengths and weaknesses of government under the Articles of Confederation.

Summarize events leading to the creation of the U. S. Constitution (e.g., country's economic crisis, Shay's Rebellion and purpose outlined in the Preamble).

Explain fundamental principles and purposes of the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights (e.g., through the Magna Carta, the English Bill of Rights, colonial charters and the political philosophies of the Enlightenment).

Trace the emergence of the American two party political system (Federalists-Anti-Federalists, election of 1800, etc.).

Compare and contrast the position of the political parties and leaders on a variety of issues (e.g., economic development, territorial expansion, political participation, individual rights, states' rights, slavery and social reforms).

Analyze the impact of United States Supreme Court decisions (e.g., Marbury v. Madison, McCulloch v. Maryland, Dred Scott v. Stanford and Plessy v. Ferguson).

Define the duties of citizens that are necessary to preserve US democracy (e.g., become informed and active in a democracy-through jury duty, paying taxes, public forums (local, state, and/or federal), voting and conscription.).

Demonstrate an understanding of westward movement and the resulting regional conflicts that took place in America in the nineteenth century.

Explain the impact and challenges of westward movement, (e.g., people's motivations for moving west, railroad construction and the displacement of Native Americans).

Trace land acquisitions and their significance as the U. S. expanded.

Summarize United States relations with foreign powers (e.g., Louisiana Purchase, Monroe Doctrine, Manifest Destiny and the Mexican War).

Compare economic development in different regions of the country during the early nineteenth century (e.g., agricultural South, industrial and financial North, and the development of new resources in the West).

Examine and evaluate the reform period prior to the U.S. Civil War (e.g., abolition, women's suffrage, religious principals, etc.).

Demonstrate an understanding of the causes and the course of the Civil War and Reconstruction in America.

Analyze the social, political and cultural characteristics of the North, the South and the West before and after the Civil War (e.g., the lives of African Americans, social reform, Patriotism, Nationalism, labor force, etc.).

Explain how the political events and issues that divided the nation led to civil war (e.g., compromises reached to maintain the balance of free and slave states, successes and failures of the abolitionist movement, conflicting views on states' rights and federal authority, emergence of the Republican Party and election of 1860).

Examine and identify the cause and effect of the formation of the Confederate States of America.

Outline the course and outcome of the Civil War (e.g., the role of African American military units, the impact of the Emancipation Proclamation, and the social, political and economic impact on the South following the Civil War).

Evaluate effects of Reconstruction on the nation (e.g., the roles of the Civil War Amendments, Radical Republicans, etc.).

Summarize the progress and impact made by various groups in society (including African-Americans, women, immigrants, etc.) during Reconstruction.

Trace societal changes in the United States brought about by the end of Reconstruction (the Freedmen's Bureau, educational reform, political opportunity, new trends in legislation, Jim Crow laws and the rise of anti-African American factions).

Demonstrate an understanding of changes that took place at the end of the 19th Century in the United States.

Analyze the developments in business and industry including the emergence of new industries and the rise of corporations through monopolies and mergers.

Examine the effects of technological change on the United States (e.g., agriculture, transportation, industry, labor and society).

Investigate the various periods and movements at the end of the nineteenth century. (e.g., the Gilded Age, the Populist movement, the Progressive Era, labor movement, continuation of the women's suffrage movement, etc.).

Examine and identify the goals and accomplishments of reformers and reform movements (e.g., women's rights, minorities, temperance, prisons, hospitals, schools, etc.).

Explain the transformation of America from an agrarian to an industrial economy, including the effects of mechanized farming and the expansion of international markets.

Assess the impact of urbanization and immigration on social, economic and political aspects of society in the United States in the late nineteenth century. (e.g., labor, agriculture, ethnic neighborhoods, African Americans, immigrants, women and children).

Demonstrate an understanding of global developments that influenced the United States' emergence as a world power in the early twentieth century.

Evaluate the impact of United States foreign policy on global affairs (e.g., Open Door Policy and presidential programs of Taft, Roosevelt, and Wilson, such as Big Stick Diplomacy, Dollar Diplomacy and Moral Diplomacy).

Analyze the development of American expansionism, including the shift from isolationism to intervention and the economic and political reasons for imperialism.

Investigate and explain the impact of the Spanish-American War on the United States as a world power, including locations of expansion and the changing image of the United States by the global community.

Investigate the impact of technological advances and innovation in the early twentieth century both in the United States and the world (e.g., telephone, automobiles, flight, transportation, weapons and medical advances).

Analyze and explain how political, social and economic factors influenced American involvement in World War I (e.g., treaties, alliances and nationalism).

Identify the issues regarding the evolution of United States citizenship and evaluate responsibilities and rights of United States citizens (e.g., landownership, race, gender and age).

Examine, select and participate in a volunteer service or project.

Trace economic development throughout U.S. history (e.g., Colonial period, Revolutionary War, Westward Expansion, Civil War and late 19th / early 20th Centuries) and identify the role of market factors in the settlement of the United States and the development of the free enterprise system.

Explain the ideas, values and practices in the Federalist-Anti-Federalist debate, Bank of the U.S. issue, and evaluate their effects on the formation and direction of the nation's economy.

Differentiate economic policy in the United States during each era (e.g., Colonial period, Revolutionary, Westward Expansion, Civil War and late 19th / early 20th Centuries) through types of taxes, taxation controversies, the effects of foreign trade and tariff policies.

Critique the cause and effect relationship between the labor movement, industrialization and urbanization in the United States.

Analyze the effects of mercantilism and triangular trade on the emergence of colonial economies (e.g., goals of mercantilism, the mother country's interests vs. colonial interests, regional economies, agriculture vs. manufacturing, colonial products and raw materials, and transition from mercantilism to free enterprise capitalism).

Identify the issues regarding the evolution of United States citizenship and evaluate responsibilities and rights of United States citizens (e.g., landownership, race, gender and age).

Analyze the causes and consequences of the United States' national debt and its effect upon world economic systems.

Assess how various executive initiatives and legislative acts have influenced the United States' economy (e.g., Fourteen Points, New Deal, Domino Theory, Great Society, Space Race and Strategic Defense Initiative).

Cite evidence of the economic and cultural impact of advertising and the growth of consumerism (e.g., differentiate between wants and needs).

Identify various developed countries (MDC) and developing countries (LDC) and evaluate their GDP to determine the standard of living of their citizens (e.g., health care, education, military, industrial and agricultural capabilities).

Apply correct vocabulary and geographic tools to determine and illustrate geographic concepts (e.g., major meridians of longitude and parallels of latitude, physical features, landforms, bodies of water, climatic regions, states and their capitals, and relative and exact location).

Determine the most appropriate maps and graphics in an atlas for analyzing geographic issues regarding the growth and development of the United States (e.g., topography, movement of people, transportation routes, settlement patterns, growth of population and cities, etc.).

Evaluate the impact of health and cultural considerations on the quality of life over different historical time periods.

Analyze the characteristics of cultural contributions of Native Americans, African Americans, Hispanics and all immigrants (e.g., Germans, Italians, Irish, etc.).

Analyze the ways in which physical and cultural geography have influenced significant historic events and movements.

Evaluate the changing boundaries of world maps as a result of wars.

Evaluate, then defend the importance of the fundamental democratic values and principles of U.S. constitutional democracy in a global context including conflicts between individuals, communities and nations:

liberty and equality

individual rights and the common good

majority rule and minority rights

The rule of law and ethics (e.g., civil disobedience)

patriotism

Demonstrate an understanding of the European settlement of North America.

Compare and contrast the distinct characteristics of each colonial region in the settlement and development of America, including religious, social, political, and economic differences (i.e. Proclamation of 1763, French and Indian War).

Identify and examine European colonial rivalries and the centralization British control.

Demonstrate an understanding of the establishment of the new Republic.

Trace the major events leading to the American Revolution including the writing of the Declaration of Independence.

Examine the contributions of key individuals in the development of the Republic.

Determine the strengths and weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation and how their failure led to the development of the U.S. Constitution.

Compare and contrast political ideologies and sectional differences in the development of the U.S. Constitution (e.g. economic development, slavery, and social reforms).

Demonstrate an understanding of westward movement and land acquisition.

Examine the consequences of the expansion of the republic on the native population.

Summarize the United States' relations with foreign powers (e.g. Louisiana Purchase, War of 1812, Monroe Doctrine, Manifest Destiny and the Mexican-American War.)

Compare and contrast the social, economic, and political development in different regions of the country during the antebellum period.

Demonstrate an understanding of the course of the American Civil War and Reconstruction in America.

Identify and analyze the events which led to the secession of the south from the Union and the formation of the Confederate States of America.

Trace the major events of the Civil War and evaluate the impact of political and military leadership during the war.

Evaluate short-term and long-term effects of Reconstruction on the nation (e.g. Civil War Amendments, radical republicans, Jim Crow).

Demonstrate an understanding of the industrialization and reform movements.

Analyze the contributions of business, industry, and entrepreneurs in the late 19th/early 20th century.

Compare and contrast the societal, economic and population shifts in the United States in the late 19th century (i.e. Agrarian to Industrial, rural to urban, labor vs. industry, immigration, migration).

Identify the goals and accomplishments of reformers and reform movements (e.g. women's rights, minorities, labor, temperance, Progressivism etc.)

Demonstrate an understanding of the United States' emergence as a world power.

Evaluate the impact of United States foreign policy on global affairs (e.g., Open Door Policy, Good Neighbor Policy, Big Stick Diplomacy, Dollar Diplomacy, and Moral Diplomacy).

Trace the shift from isolationism to intervention and imperialism (e.g. Spanish-American War, annexation of Hawaii, development of the Panama Canal).

Analyze and explain how political, social, and economic factors influenced American involvement in World War I (e.g., treaties, alliances, and nationalism).

List and explain underlying causes, major players, and the effects of World War I.

Demonstrate an understanding of the Great Depression and the New Deal.

Examine causes of the stock market crash and draw conclusions about the immediate and lasting economic, social, and political effects on the United States and the World.

Research the changing social values that led to the expansion of government in the 1920's & 1930's (e.g. constitutional amendments, New Deal legislation, etc.).

Investigate the different cultural movements during the late 1920's & 1930's.

Demonstrate an understanding of the events surrounding World War II.

Explain how the world economic crisis initiated worldwide political change.

Explore the causes and effects of World War II and describe the impact the war had on the world (e.g. failure of the Treaty of Versailles/League of Nations, militarism, nationalism, failure of appeasement).

Investigate the abuse of human rights during World War II (e.g. Japanese Internment, Holocaust, stereotypes, propaganda).

Identify contributions from the American-Homefront during the war (e.g. Rosie the Riveters, victory gardens, liberty bonds).

Analyze the long-term consequences of the use of atomic weaponry to end the war.

Demonstrate an understanding of Post–World War II America.

Compare and contrast the United States and the Soviet Union following WWII and their emergence as superpowers.

Identify social, technological, and political changes that occurred in the United States as a result of the tensions caused by the Cold War.

Trace the events of the Cold War and confrontations between the United States and other world powers.

Demonstrate an understanding of the social and political conflicts that brought forth an era of change in America.

Investigate key people, places, and events of the African-American Civil Rights Movement.

Research the various paradigm shifts during the 1950's, 1960's, & 1970's (e.g. counterculture, rock n' roll, women's rights, Roe v. Wade, shifts in technology).

Connect events to continued questions of trust in federal government (e.g., Watergate, Iran Contra and Pentagon Papers).

Compare various citizens' responses to controversial government policies and actions by monitoring and debating government decisions, and create a cooperative and peaceful solution to controversial government policies and actions.

Demonstrate an understanding of America's continued role in the complex global community.

Evaluate the causes and effects of acts of foreign and domestic terrorism before and after 9/11. (e.g. Iran hostage crisis, 1993 World Trade Center, Oklahoma City, USS Cole, 2001 attacks on World Trade Center & Pentagon, PATRIOT Act, death of Osama bin Laden)

Identify the positive and negative consequences of the advancement of technology.

Evaluate and explain modern American policies (i.e., foreign and domestic), immigration, the global environment, and other current emerging issues.

Analyze multiple media sources and their influence on public opinion and policy issues.

Evaluate court cases essential to fundamental democratic principles and values (e.g., Brown v. BOE Topeka, Miranda v. Arizona, Roe v. Wade, Mapp v. Ohio, Schenck v. U.S., and Doe v. Holder (P.A.T.R.I.O.T. Act).

Select and participate in a volunteer service or project with a community or Veteran's organization (e.g., American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Women Veterans of America, Ronald McDonald House, Special Olympics, 4-H, etc.).

Trace economic development throughout U.S. History (e.g., Colonial period, Revolutionary War, Westward Expansion, Civil War and late 19th / early 20th Centuries) and identify the role of market factors in the settlement of the United States and the development of the free enterprise system.

Critique the cause and effect relationship between the labor movement, industrialization and urbanization in the United States.

Apply the concept of supply and demand in various historic events as a cause of economic turmoil.

Describe the roles of citizens and their responsibilities (e.g., prehistoric societies, river civilizations, classical civilizations, feudal systems, developing nation states and neo-feudal systems).

Use different types of maps, terminology, and geographic tools to analyze features on Earth to investigate and solve geographic questions.

Explain how altering the environment has brought prosperity to some places and created environmental dilemmas for others.

Apply geography skills to help investigate issues and justify possible resolutions involving people, places and environments.

Explain how migration of people and movement of goods and ideas can enrich cultures, but also create tensions.

Explain how the uneven distribution of resources in the world can lead to conflict, competition or cooperation among nations, regions, and cultural groups.

Use maps, charts and graphs to depict the geographic implications of world events.

Demonstrate an understanding of prehistory, the concept of change over time and the emergence of civilization.

Analyze the interaction of early humans with their environment and evaluate their decisions (e.g., hunting, migration, shelter, food and clothing.)

Detail and predict the causes and effects of the Agricultural Revolution.

Demonstrate an understanding of ancient river civilizations and the ways in which early civilizations evolve.

Compare and contrast the causes and effects of the rise and decline of ancient river valley civilizations.

Investigate and detail the various components of culture and civilization including customs, norms, values, traditions, political systems, economic systems, religious beliefs and philosophies in ancient river civilizations.

Demonstrate an understanding of classical civilizations and the influence of those civilizations across time and space.

Compare and contrast the causes and effects of the rise and decline of classical civilizations.

Analyze the impact of religion on classical civilizations, including the rise and growth of Christianity and Hinduism, and the effects of their beliefs and practices on daily life, changes that occurred as a result of Buddhist teachings, and the influence of a variety of religions on culture and politics.

Demonstrate an understanding of Middle Age societies and the influence of those societies on the history of the world in areas of social, political and economic change.

Investigate and explain the influence of the Byzantine Empire, including the role the Empire played in preserving Hellenistic (Greek) learning.

Summarize the functions of feudalism and manorialism in Europe, China and Japan (including the creation of nation-states) as feudal institutions helped monarchies centralize power.

Outline the origins of religion in the Middle East and the changing role of women in that region through to the modern (or contemporary) period.

Identify and evaluate the individual, political, religious and economic roles in medieval society.

Analyze the social, political and economic upheaval and recovery that occurred in Europe during the Middle Ages, including the plague and the subsequent population decline, the predominance of religion and the impact of the crusades.

Summarize the economic, geographic and social influences of African and trans-Saharan trade, including education and the growth of cities.

Examine and assess the effects of warfare on society during the Middle Ages.

Analyze and connect the status, roles and responsibilities of free men, women, children, slaves and foreigners across time in various civilizations.

Demonstrate an understanding of the changes in society because of the Renaissance, Reformation, Age of Exploration and the Enlightenment.

Compare the impacts of the Renaissance on life in Europe (e.g., Humanism, art, literature, music and architecture).

Analyze the religious reformations and their effects on theology, politics and economics.

Summarize the origins and contributions of the scientific revolution.

Explain how European needs/wants for foreign products contributed to the Age of Exploration.

Explain the ways that Enlightenment ideas spread through Europe and their effect on society (e.g., John Locke, Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Baron de Montesquieu.)

Demonstrate an understanding of the global political environment of the sixteenth through the nineteenth centuries.

Explain the long-term effects of political changes because of the emergence of strong monarchial governments.

Describe the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions and determine their impact on the evolution of society.

Analyze the causes and effects of political revolutions and determine their impact on the formation of governments and on the citizens of a society (e.g., French, Italian, German, Latin America, etc.).

Illustrate the significant political, commercial and cultural changes that took place in China.

Compare the political actions of European, Asian and African nations in the era of imperial expansion.

Assess the impact of colonization on both the mother countries and their colonies.

Explain the causes and effects of political, social and economic transformation in Europe in the nineteenth century, including the significance of nationalism, the impact of industrialization on different countries and the effects of democratization.

Analyze and evaluate various ways of organizing systems of government in order to illustrate the continuity and change in the role of government over time (e.g., Hammurabi's Code, the Twelve Tables of Rome, Justinian Code, Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Articles of Confederation and the U.S. Constitution).

Compare and contrast political ideologies in order to analyze the evolving role of government in world affairs prior to the year 1900 (e.g., democracies, republics, dictatorships, various types of monarchies, oligarchies, theocracies and parliamentary systems).

Research and categorize multiple current and historical world aid organizations and assess the importance of global volunteerism as a 21st century citizen (e.g., Amnesty International, Doctors Without Borders, Human Rights Campaign, International Red Cross, Invisible Children, Peace Corps, etc.).

Examine and illustrate the trade patterns (e.g., resource allocation, mercantilism and other economic systems) of regions of the world across time and explain their significance to the evolution of global economics.

Identify types of exchange systems (e.g., barter, money) and the role forms of currency play in acquiring goods and services.

Analyze the importance of family, labor specialization and regional commerce in the development of global trade systems.

Define scarcity, demonstrate the role of opportunity costs in decision making, and examine economic reasons for the rise and fall of civilizations (e.g., Roman Empire, the Crusades and Imperialism).

Geography

Personal Finance

Economics

Civics

Civics

Strive to become vigilant, informed citizens who actively participate in the preservation and improvement of American government through community service and service-learning (e.g., individual service projects, patriotic events, mock trials, group initiatives, community volunteerism).

Analyze the protection of liberties in the Bill of Rights and their expansion through judicial review and the gradual incorporation of those rights by the Fourteenth Amendment.

Analyze how the freedoms of speech and press in a democratic society enable citizens to develop informed opinions, express their views, shape public policy and monitor government actions.

Determine how conflicts between the rights of citizens and society's need for order can be resolved while preserving both liberty and safety.

Compare and contrast the original and appellate jurisdictions of local, state and national judicial systems to show how America's court system addresses criminal and civil cases.

Apply the concepts of legal precedent through past and present landmark Supreme Court cases, interpretations of the U.S. Constitution by the Supreme Court and the impact of these decisions on American society.

Develop an understanding of the American legal system through examining existing ordinances, statutes and Federal Acts, exploring the differences between criminal and civil law and determining the legal obligations and liabilities of American citizenship.

Critique the evolution of the two-party system in the United States, evaluate how society and political parties have changed over time and analyze how political parties function today.

Assess the influence of the media on public opinion and on the decisions of elected officials and the bureaucracy:

bias in reporting and editorials

push-pull polls and selective reporting of citizen opinions

advertising and campaign ads

reporting news out of context

Investigate the impact that special interest groups have on shaping public policy at local, state and national levels.

Assess how factors such as campaign finance, participation of the electorate, and demographic factors influence the outcome of elections.

Explore social contracts and the establishment of the rule of law, and evaluate how limited government and the rule of law protect individual rights.

Examine how decisions and policies of state and local government impact the lives of citizens—such as local issues and problems, structure of local government (e.g., differences in incorporation, providing public services and mayoral styles), zoning and annexation, land use and urban sprawl, and ordinances and jurisdiction.

Explore cooperation, competition and conflict among nations through organizations, agreements and protocols, political acts and other exchanges—such as the United Nations, international treaties and terrorism—to evaluate potential solutions to global issues.

Compare and contrast the values, ideals and principles that are the foundation of a democratic republic and the role citizens play in a constitutional democracy, to the theories and practices of non-democratic governments (e.g. socialism found in communism and nationalism found in fascism).

Examine the opportunity costs in ever-present scarcity for individuals, businesses and societies to understand how to make choices when facing unlimited wants with limited resources.

Debate an effective allocation of the factors of production that encourages healthy economic growth and sustainability while curbing environmental abuses in the global community.

Explain how supply and demand affects prices, profits, and availability of goods and services.

Debate the role of government in a free-market economy.

Describe how households, businesses and government interact in a free-market economy.

Identify economic influences that impact business climate on the local, regional and global level.

Track the evolution of currency throughout history to facilitate the exchange of goods and services.

Demonstrate that the purpose of American government is the protection of personal, political and economic rights of citizens as evidenced by the Declaration of Independence, the U. S. Constitution, Constitutional Amendments and the ideas of those involved in the establishment of American government.

Investigate the cost of postsecondary education.

Determine the tuition and fees of several specific public and private, two and four year institutions.

Examine room and board cost for students that live on campus.

Examine commuting costs for attending a local institution (gas, car maintenance, distance, time).

Compare text book costs (used books, new books, digital rentals, Amazon, eCampus, local bookstore, text loaning programs).

Determine personal expenses (hobbies, restaurants, entertainment, transportation, gas, bills, rent, insurance, cellphone).

Examine the net price different postsecondary institutions utilizing the net price calculator required to be posted on all postsecondary institution's web pages.

Identify sources of financial aid.

Examine and understand Financial Aid terminology (e.g. FAFSA, EFC, grant, cost of attendance).

Explore the application process for student loan qualifications and the repayment process.

Evaluate income, lifestyle, and career opportunities based on education and financial aid decisions.

Differentiate the annual income of a college graduate compared to a high school graduate.

Differentiate between gross and net income (e.g., taxes, insurance and pension plans).

Explore how earning a degree impacts lifestyle, lifelong earning potential, and personal wants versus needs.

Investigate the consequences of personal choices in relation to finances.

Construct, utilize, and monitor a budget for a recent high school graduate.

Construct, utilize, and monitor a budget for a recent college graduate.

Compare and contrast the budgets of a high school graduate and a recent college graduate.

Explore how benefits packages, unions, and professional organizations impact lifestyle and career choices.

Examine the expectations and benefits of potential careers and their impact on lifelong earning potential

Examine general workforce preparedness skills.

Develop a resume showing skills, experiences and education that can be used when applying for a job, a scholarship, or college.

Participate in mock job interviews.

Identify workplace expectation, including prompt attendance, timeliness and efficiencies.

Examine the causes of bankruptcy and how to avoid them.

Complete Federal and State income tax forms and examine other state and local taxes.

Examine the advantages and disadvantages of different types of consumer debt to make sound financial decisions (e.g., home loans, credit card debt, automobile loans, pay-day loans and rent-to-own).

Develop the knowledge and practices of a savvy consumer who knows consumer rights and responsibilities, can identify and avoid fraudulent practices and guard against identify theft.

Utilize traditional and online banking services as well as examining fees, services and hidden costs of checking, savings, debit cards, Certificates of Deposit, etc.

Examine financial habits that promote economic security, stability and growth:

investments (e.g., stocks, mutual funds, certificates of deposits and commodity trading)

insurance (e.g., life insurance, health insurance, automobile insurance, home and renters insurance and retirement plans).

Consider factors that subvert liberty (including lack of education, voter apathy, disenfranchisement, civil inequalities, economic issues, loss of public trust and misuse of government power), then collaborate, compromise, and by consensus, create a model that informed citizens can use to defend and perpetuate the American Republic.

use census data and public records to identify patterns of change and continuity to understand the impact of the following on society:

zoning

migration

ethnicity

income

gender differences

age differences

education

voting behavior

family structure

Conduct research using demographic data to interpret, debate and evaluate the geopolitical implications of a variety of global issues:

the environment and environmental protection

political and cultural boundaries

women's rights

cultural diversity and assimilation

religion

standard of living

Analyze the role of sustainable development in the lives of 21st Century citizens (e.g. renewable energy, recycling, reusing, land use policy, ocean management and energy policy) to balance healthy economic growth with environmental protection.

Analyze the consequences of human and environmental interaction using geographic information systems.

Explore various routes of personal travel and topography using geographic information systems.

compare and contrast the factors of development for developed and developing countries, including the causes and implications of the following:

population (including migration, immigration, birth rate and life expectancy)

natural resources and environmental protection

income, industry, trade and Gross Domestic Product

climate and geographic conditions

cultural and social factors

political management, legal system and stability

educational opportunities

standard of living

Examine and analyze the contributing factors to the drafting of the Declaration of Independence and the U.S. Constitution:

leaders and philosophers (e.g., John Locke, James Madison, Thomas Jefferson and John Adams)

events (e.g., Glorious Revolution, Reformation and Enlightenment)

documents (e.g., English Bill of Rights, Petition of Right and Magna Carta)

classical periods (e.g., eras of Greece and Rome)

principles (e.g., popular sovereignty, federalism, limited government, separation of powers, checks and balances, civil liberties and rule of law

Examine the compromises of the Constitutional Convention and how those decisions were characterized in the Federalist and the Anti-Federalist papers.

Evaluate the elements in the U.S. Constitution that make it a living document with democratic principles that are modified and expanded to meet the changing needs of society.

Investigate the system of government created by the Preamble, Seven Articles, the Bill of Rights and other Amendments of the U.S. Constitution to evaluate how the framework for American society is provided.

Analyze how the U.S. Constitution defines federalism and outlines a structure for the United States government.

History

Geography

Economics

Civics

Contemporary Studies

Evaluate, then defend, the importance of the fundamental democratic values and principles of U.S. constitutional democracy in a global context including conflicts between individuals, communities and nations.

liberty and equality

individual rights and the common good

majority rule and minority rights

Rule of Law and ethics (e.g., civil disobedience)

patriotism

Critique the competing ideologies of various economic systems (e.g., Capitalism, Socialism and Communism) and resulting world conflicts.

Analyze the causes and consequences of the United States' national debt and their effect upon world economic systems.

Identify various developed countries (MDC) and developing countries (LDC) and evaluate their GDP to determine the standard of living of their citizens (e.g., health care, education, military, industrial and agricultural capabilities).

Analyze and evaluate the changing boundaries of world maps as a result of wars (e.g., Europe World War I, World War II, Cold War Era and Middle East conflicts).

Identify and locate the countries that enjoy topographical protection from invasion as opposed to countries that rely on political boundaries.

Use census data to analyze the demographics of population growth that lead to the exhaustion of resources and cultural conflict (e.g., water, agricultural land, energy and food supplies).

Connect how natural resources of various world regions impact foreign and economic policy decisions (e.g., Middle Eastern oil supplies and United States coal deposits, etc.).

Hypothesize how human and environmental interactions pose a threat to mankind and the environment.

Demonstrate an understanding of the events that illustrate the United States' emergence as a world power beginning in 1914.

Analyze United States isolationism, neutrality and entanglement in world affairs.

List and explain underlying causes, major players and the effects of World War I.

Explain the connection between the advancement of military technology and the massive casualties in World War I.

Compare and contrast idealism and realism by analyzing the Treaty of Versailles, Wilson's Fourteen Points and the subsequent failure of the League of Nations.

Make connections between relief efforts and interventions of the 1918 pandemic to modern global health concerns.

Demonstrate an understanding of society in the Roaring 20's by examining the changing cultural, economic, and political philosophies, and the ensuing consequences.

Outline activities and irregularities of both Wall Street and United States banking practices followed by attempted reform legislation.

Analyze the impact that the emerging independence of women (e.g., suffrage, double standard, flappers and employment opportunities) and immigration issues had on society.

Research the social issues that led to the passage of the 18th Amendment and the establishment of Prohibition, and discuss the factors that led to its repeal in the 21st Amendment (e.g. organized crime, Great Depression and changing social values).

Investigate literary, musical and artistic movements (e.g., Harlem Renaissance, jazz and the Lost Generation).

Justify the duties of citizens that are necessary to preserve global democracy.

public forums (local, national, and/or global)

analysis of voting apathy and resulting consequences

personal freedoms throughout the world

role of international government and non-government organizations (e.g., League of Nations and U.N.)

Demonstrate an understanding of the immediate and lasting economic, social and political effects caused by the Great Depression in the United States and throughout the world.

Assess the prolonged effects of the stock market crash upon the social and economic activities of the U.S. and the world.

Investigate the expansion of government with New Deal legislation and resulting deficit spending.

Explain how the world economic crisis enabled the growth of totalitarian governments (e.g., Fascism and Nazism).

Critique the role of sports, movies, radio and other forms of entertainment in the development of a new culture in America.

Demonstrate an understanding of the events surrounding World War II.

Explore how appeasement efforts such as the Munich Agreement (1938) failed to prevent war.

Examine and evaluate the suffering and human cost of the propaganda and genocide of the Nazi Holocaust.

Assess the Japan's motives for attacking Pearl Harbor and the attack's effect on the outcome of WWII.

Examine and identify the penalties of war faced by the Japanese in the United States and their homeland.

Identify the contributions from the home front during the war (e.g. Rosie the Riveters - "Rosies", victory gardens, war bond sales, wartime propaganda and opportunities for minorities).

Investigate and cite evidence about the significance of the events in the European and Pacific Theaters.

Hypothesize America's reasons for rebuilding war torn countries and trace the rationale and origins of cooperation that led to the creation of the United Nations.

Demonstrate an understanding of the competing ideologies of communism and democracy and the conflict between the United States and Soviet Union superpowers from the post WWII era through early 1990's.

Assess the destructive capability of atomic and hydrogen weaponry.

Trace the expansion of Soviet and Chinese communism to satellite nations.

Explore the motivation and legacy of the Truman Doctrine and containment policy through different presidential administrations.

Outline and discuss major confrontations between the United States and Soviets and explain the fears of American society related to communism and the Race to Space.

Analyze and explain the political, social and economic causes and consequences of American involvement in the Korean Conflict and Vietnam.

Connect the United States' governmental policies of the 1980s to the economic collapse of the Soviet Union.

Demonstrate an understanding of the origins, struggle and progress of racial minorities seeking social, economic and political equality in the United States.

Examine and identify the foundations of the Civil Rights Movement through documents (e.g., Declaration of Independence, U.S. Constitution, etc.) and Supreme Court decisions (e.g., Plessy v. Ferguson and Brown v. BOE Topeka).

Investigate and cite examples of intolerance, prejudice, persecution, discrimination and segregation (e.g., Black Codes and Jim Crow laws).

Debate the role of activists for and against the Civil Rights Movement (e.g., KKK, Black Panthers, Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr., SCLC, Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee, AIM, Chicano Movement and UFWOC).

Design a timeline of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States that includes key people, places and events.

Demonstrate an understanding of the social conflicts that challenged traditional values in the second half of the twentieth century.

Investigate and identify the effects of Americans migrating to the suburbs after World War II.

Identify and examine changes brought about by media sources to American cultural, economic and political behavior. (e.g., television, Rock 'n' Roll, protest songs, etc.).

Summarize the various counterculture movements and their effect on American society.

Connect events to continued questions of trust in federal government (e.g., Watergate, Iran Contra and Pentagon Papers).

Demonstrate an understanding of United States foreign policy and global economic issues since 1990.

Evaluate American foreign policy concerning abuses of human rights.

Critique the domestic and military policies of the 1990's.

Determine the motivation for adopting NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement) and GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade), then assess their effects on the American and world economies.

Evaluate acts of terrorism before and after 9/11.

Demonstrate an understanding of America's continued role in shaping the complex global community since September 11, 2001.

Assess the results of American foreign policy relating to Middle Eastern countries.

Outline provisions of the P.A.T.R.I.O.T. Act (Providing Appropriate Tools Required (to) Intercept (and) Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001) and assess the necessity of such infringements on American civil rights.

Critique the effectiveness of the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan on the war against terror.

Analyze both the positive and negative aspects of the Internet and social networking in revolutionizing popular thought, and organizing people throughout the world (e.g., Tea Party, Arab Spring, Occupy Wall Street, Wi-Fi, Google and Facebook).

Research and analyze U.S. and World responses to ISIS's (Islamic State in Iraq and Syria) rise in Iraq and Syria.

Analyze and apply ways U.S. and world conflicts can be resolved in a cooperative and peaceful manner.

Evaluate court cases essential to fundamental democratic principles and values (e.g., amendments since 1920, Brown v. BOE Topeka, Miranda v. Arizona, Roe v. Wade and the P.A.T.R.I.O.T. Act).

Select and participate in a volunteer service or project with a community or Veteran's organization (e.g., American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Women Veterans of America, Ronald McDonald House, Special Olympics, 4-H, etc.).

Analyze the industrial organization of the American economy and connect its effects on the outcome of World War I and subsequent wars (e.g., loans, Lend/Lease Act, Marshall Plan and nuclear arms race).

Assess how various executive initiatives and legislative acts influence the United States economy (e.g., Fourteen Points, New Deal, Domino Theory, Great Society, Space Race and Strategic Defense Initiative).

Apply the concept of supply and demand in various historic events as a cause of economic turmoil (e.g., Prohibition, O.P.E.C, etc.).

Cite evidence of the economic and cultural impact of advertising and the growth of consumerism (e.g., differentiate between wants and needs).

Application

Economics

Economics

Analyze the role of economic choices in scarcity, supply and demand, resource allocation, decision-making, voluntary exchange and trade-offs (Choices).

Explain and give examples of opportunity costs (trade-offs) and scarcity, and analyze how these concepts are the basis of other concepts in economics.

Compare and contrast examples of private and public goods and services.

Evaluate the costs and benefits of allocating goods and services through public and private means.

Describe and compare relationships among economic institutions (e.g., households, businesses, banks, government agencies and labor unions).

Explain how specialization and division of labor in economic systems increase productivity.

Describe the role of money and other forms of exchange in the economic process.

Compare and analyze how values and beliefs influence economic decisions in different economic systems.

Evaluate economic systems according to how laws, rules and procedures deal with demand, supply and prices.

Evaluate historical and current social developments and issues from an economic perspective.

Explain historical and current developments and issues in local, national and global contexts from an economic perspective.

Research, critique and evaluate the roles of private and public institutions in the economy (Institutions).

Define inflation and explain its effects on economic systems.

Define and analyze the use of fiscal and monetary policy in the national economic system.

Explain the process of international trade from an economic perspective.

Analyze and evaluate growth and stability in different economic systems.

Analyze a public issue from an economic perspective and propose a socially desirable solution.

Evaluate the role of the factors of production in a market economy.

Compare, contrast and evaluate different types of economies (traditional, command, market, mixed).

Explain how and why people who start new businesses take risks to provide goods and services.

Identify, define and explain basic economic concepts (e.g., opportunity costs, scarcity, supply, demand, production, exchange and consumption, labor, wages, and capital, inflation and deflation, market economy and command economy, public and private goods and services).

Describe and explain the role of money, banking, savings and budgeting in everyday life.

Compare and contrast various economic systems and analyze their impact on individual citizens (Economic Systems).

Distinguish between private goods and services (e.g., the family car or a local restaurant) and public goods and services (e.g., the interstate highway system or the United States Postal Service).

Compare and contrast how values and beliefs, such as economic freedom, economic efficiency, equity, full employment, price stability, security and growth influence decisions in different economic situations.

Explain the basic characteristics of international trade, including absolute and comparative advantage, barriers to trade, exchange rates, and balance of trade.

Describe and explain global economic interdependence and competition, using examples to illustrate their influence on national and international policies.

Evaluate long term and short term costs in relationship to long and short-term benefits.

Identify different economic goals and the tradeoffs that must be made between economic and social goals.

Describe the aims of government fiscal policies (taxation, borrowing and spending) and their influence on production, employment and price levels.

Explain the basic principles of the U.S. free enterprise system (e.g., opportunity costs, scarcity, profit motive, voluntary exchange, private property rights and competition).

Explain the characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of sole proprietorships, partnerships and corporations.

Describe characteristics and give examples of pure competition, monopolistic competition and oligopolistic competition.

Describe and demonstrate how the factors of production apply to the United States economic system (Factors of Production).

Analyze the factors involved in the process of acquiring consumer goods and services including credit, interest and insurance.

Career options:

Identify careers in economics.

Identify resources to help select economics programs for further study.

Educational requirements:

Identify degree requirements for economist and economics-related careers.

Identify resources to help select psychology programs for further study.

Vocational applications of economics:

Discuss ways in which economics addresses domestic and global issues.

Identify careers in economics that have evolved as a result of domestic and global issues.

Analyze the elements of competition and how they impact the economy (Competition).

Examine and evaluate the interdependence of global economies.

Explain and give examples showing how scarcity of goods and services forces people to make choices about needs and wants.

Analyze how the scarcity of natural, technological, capital and human resources requires economic systems to make choices about the distribution of goods and services.

Explain the role that supply and demand, prices, incentives and profits play in determining what is produced and distributed in a free enterprise system.

Application

Geography

Geography

Interpret, use and construct maps, globes and other geographic tools to locate and derive information about personal directions, people, places and environments (The World in Spatial Terms).

Identify and define the world's physical and cultural regions, including political and historical characteristics, and their interdependence in regard to trade, services, migration and cultural values.

Analyze populations with regard to life expectancy, infant mortality rates, population pyramids, migration, birth and death rates.

Evaluate the impact of migration on physical and human systems (e.g., demand for housing, schools, water supply, sewer systems, welfare systems, political systems and food production).

Analyze growth, decline, and development of cities over time.

Compare and contrast the impact of competition for limited resources on an interdependent global economy (e.g. distribution, sustainability, conflict and resolution).

Examine global social and political factors and their implications (e.g., climate change, endangered species, terrorism, air pollution, habitat destruction, floods and universal human rights).

Analyze ethnicity, nationalism and religion on regional cultures in a global society (e.g. major world religions, various ethnic groups and rigidity of societal norms).

Analyze the influence of geographical features on the evolution of significant historic events and movements.

Analyze the impact of technology or its lack on environments and societies over time.

Analyze connections between physical geography and isolation from the world community which result in cultural and political instability (e.g., Afghanistan, rural areas throughout the world, drought stricken areas of Africa, North Korea, China and Iran).

Describe the physical and human characteristics of place and explain how the lives of people are rooted in places and regions (Places and Regions).

Identify causes and draw conclusions about landless cultures (e.g., Kurds, Basques, and Palestinians).

Compare and contrast standards of living in poverty-stricken areas with advanced societies (e.g. basic needs, education, economic opportunities and technological advances).

Utilize various geographic information systems to gain insight into people and their place in the world.

Career options:

Identify careers in geography.

Identify resources to help select geography programs for further study.

Educational requirements:

Identify degree requirements for geographers and geography-related careers.

Identify resources to help select psychology programs for further study.

Vocational applications of geography:

Discuss ways in which geography addresses domestic and global issues.

Identify careers in geography that have evolved as a result of domestic and global issues.

Describe and explain the physical processes that shape the earth's surface and create, sustain and modify the cultural and natural environment (Physical Systems).

Identify, explain and analyze how the earth is shaped by the movement of people and their activities (Human Systems).

Analyze the interaction of society with the environment (Environment and Society).

Explain geographic perspective and the tools and techniques available for geographic study (Uses of Geography).

Analyze the world and account for consequences of human/environment interactions depicting the geographic implications of world events (e.g. catastrophic environmental and climatic events, wars and conflicts, ethnic cleansing and genocide).

Explain components of the Earth's physical systems and their interrelationships (e.g. landforms, bodies of water, atmosphere and geologic factors).

Identify factors that contribute to human and physical changes in places and regions.

Application

Individual Variations

Sociocultural Context

Development and Learning

Cognition

Biopsyhological

Scientific Inquiry

Psychology

Development of psychology as an empirical science:

Define psychology as a discipline and identify its goals as a science.

Describe the emergence of psychology as a scientific discipline.

Describe perspectives employed to understand behavior and mental processes.

Explain how psychology evolved as a scientific discipline.

Interaction of the person and the environment in determining perception:

Explain Gestalt principles of perception.

Describe binocular and monocular depth cues.

Describe the importance of perceptual constancies.

Describe the nature of attention.

Explain how experiences and expectations influence perception.

Encoding of memory:

Identify factors that influence encoding.

Characterize the difference between shallow (surface) and deep (elaborate) processing

Discuss strategies for improving the encoding of memory.

Storage and retrieval of memory:

Describe the differences between working memory and long-term memory.

Identify and explain biological processes related to how memory is stored.

Analyze the importance of retrieval cues in memory.

Discuss strategies for improving the retrieval of memories.

Basic elements comprising thought:

Define cognitive processes involved in understanding information.

Define processes involved in problem solving and decision making.

Discuss non-human problem-solving abilities.

Obstacles related to thought:

Describe obstacles to problem solving.

Describe obstacles to decision making.

Describe obstacles to making good judgments.

Classical conditioning:

Describe the principles of classical conditioning.

Describe clinical and experimental examples of classical conditioning.

Apply classical conditioning to everyday life.

Operant conditioning:

Describe the Law of Effect.

Describe the principles of operant conditioning.

Describe clinical and experimental examples of operant conditioning.

Apply operant conditioning to everyday life.

Social cognition:

Describe attributional explanations of behavior.

Describe the relationship between attitudes (implicit and explicit) and behavior.

Identify persuasive methods used to change attitudes.

Social influence and relations:

Describe effects of others' presence on individuals' behavior.

Discuss how an individual influences group behavior.

Discuss the nature and effects of stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination.

Describe determinants of prosocial behavior.

Discuss influences upon aggression and conflict.

Discuss factors influencing attraction and relationships.

Social and cultural diversity:

Define culture and diversity.

Identify how cultures change over time and vary within nations as well as internationally.

Discuss the relationship between culture and conceptions of self and identity.

Discuss psychological research examining race and ethnicity.

Discuss psychological research examining socioeconomic status.

Discuss how privilege and social power structures relate to stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination.

Major subfields within psychology:

Discuss the value of both basic and applied psychological research with human and non-human animals.

Describe the major subfields of psychology.

Identify the important role psychology plays in benefiting society and improving people's lives.

Perspectives on motivation:

Explain biologically based theories of motivation.

Explain cognitively based theories of motivation.

Explain humanistic theories of motivation.

Explain the role of culture in human motivation.

Perspectives on emotion:

Explain the biological and cognitive components of emotion.

Discuss psychological research on basic human emotions.

Differentiate among theories of emotional experience.

Perspectives on abnormal behavior:

Define psychologically abnormal behavior.

Describe historical and cross-cultural views of abnormality.

Describe major models of abnormality.

Discuss how stigma relates to abnormal behavior.

Discuss the impact of psychological disorders on the individual, family, and society.

Categories of psychological disorders:

Describe the classification of psychological disorders.

Discuss the challenges associated with diagnosis.

Describe symptoms and causes of major categories of psychological disorders (including schizophrenic, mood, anxiety, and personality disorders).

Evaluate how different factors influence an individual's experience of psychological disorders.

Perspectives on treatment of Psychological Disorders:

Explain how psychological treatments have changed over time and among cultures.

Match methods of treatment to psychological perspectives.

Explain why psychologists use a variety of treatment options.

Career options:

Identify careers in psychological science and practice.

Identify resources to help select psychology programs for further study.

Educational requirements:

Identify degree requirements for psychologists and psychology-related careers.

Identify resources to help select psychology programs for further study.

Vocational applications of psychological science:

Discuss ways in which psychological science addresses domestic and global issues.

Identify careers in psychological science that have evolved as a result of domestic and global issues.

Research methods and measurements used to study behavior and mental processes:

Describe the scientific method and its role in psychology.

Describe and compare a variety of quantitative (e.g., surveys, correlations, experiments) and qualitative (e.g., interviews, narratives, focus groups) research methods.

Define systematic procedures used to improve the validity of research findings, such as external validity.

Structure and function of the nervous system in human and non-human animals:

Identify the major divisions and subdivisions of the human nervous system.

Identify the parts of the neuron and describe the basic process of neural transmission

Differentiate between the structures and functions of the various parts of the central nervous system.

Describe lateralization of brain functions.

Discuss the mechanisms of, and the importance of, plasticity of the nervous system.

Structure and function of the endocrine system:

Describe how the endocrine glands are linked to the nervous system.

Describe the effects of hormones on behavior and mental processes.

Describe hormone effects on the immune system.

The interaction between biological factors and experience:

Describe concepts in genetic transmission.

Describe the interactive effects of heredity and environment.

Explain how evolved tendencies influence behavior.

Methods and issues related to biological advances:

Identify tools used to study the nervous system.

Describe advances made in neuroscience.

Discuss issues related to scientific advances in neuroscience and genetics.

The processes of sensation and perception:

Discuss processes of sensation and perception and how they interact.

Explain the concepts of threshold and adaptation.

The capabilities and limitations of sensory processes:

List forms of physical energy for which humans and non-human animals do and do not have sensory receptors.

Describe the visual sensory system.

Describe the auditory sensory system.

Describe other sensory systems, such as olfaction, gustation, and somesthesis (e.g., skin senses, kinesthesis, and vestibular sense).

Application

Sociology

Sociology

Explain the origins of sociology, the sociological perspective, research methodologies, and theoretical perspectives in sociology.

Compare and contrast material and non-material culture.

Analyze the impact of globalization on the US and other world cultures and make predictions about future trends.

Explain the components of social structure; including status, role, and social institutions.

Research theories and stereotypes of poverty, and trace its relationship to geography and opportunity (e.g. access to healthcare/education, unemployment, housing.)

Identify the various social institutions in society (i.e. family, education, religion, economics, government/politics, medicine, military, law, science, and mass media).

Investigate the evolution of family structures and their impact on the individual in society.

Investigate aging and the process of death and dying in historical and contemporary world societies.

Compare and contrast various types of societies (e.g. developed vs. underdeveloped, urban vs. rural, industrialized vs. unindustrialized).

Categorize groups within a society by comparing primary and secondary groups, in and out groups, reference groups, and social networks.

Analyze the components, varieties, and functions of group dynamics; including factors such as group size, leadership, and authority.

Analyze & evaluate the development and evolution of culture and socialization within society.

Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of formal organizations and bureaucracies (e.g. unions, universities, public education, service organizations, veterans, churches).

Identify and evaluate the stages of socialization; including roles and responsibilities, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.

Evaluate the factors that socialize the individual (i.e. family, marital status, peers, education, gender, ethnicity, media, religion).

Describe how norms and values aid in the development of social control in society.

Analyze and evaluate the causes and consequences of deviant behavior on both the individual and society.

Examine the methods of social control in different types of societies and evaluate how groups and institutions promote social obedience and impose conformity.

Analyze the functions and inequalities of the criminal justice system in relation to a society's construct of crime and punishment.

Evaluate the effectiveness of institutions in the rehabilitation and resocialization process.

Explain how unequal distribution of power and resources affects the life chance of individuals in society.

Research the sources and effects of global stratification society (i.e. race, ethnicity, gender, age; and emotional, mental, and physical disabilities).

Analyze causes and effects of social inequality, theories of deviance and crime, and maintenance of social order.

List the various forms of collective behavior (e.g. crowds, riots, rumors, panics, mass hysteria, moral panics, fads, and urban legends).

Evaluate the impact of technology on social change.

Analyze the impact of demographic changes and changes in settlement patterns on a society (e.g. population, migration, mortality).

Career options:

Identify careers in sociology.

Identify resources to help select sociology programs for further study.

Educational requirements:

Identify careers in sociology.

Identify resources to help select psychology programs for further study.

Vocational applications of sociology:

Discuss ways in which sociology addresses domestic and global issues.

Identify careers in sociology that have evolved as a result of domestic and global issues.

Examine social changes and summarize the impact on society.

Trace the origins of sociology and the sociological perspective, and determine how sociology relates to the other social sciences.

Identify major research methods in sociology and the ethical practices used to guide research.

Compare and evaluate the theoretical perspectives of Structural Functionalism, Symbolic Interaction, and Conflict Theory.

Identify the basic components of culture and evaluate the importance of culture in society.

Analyze the components of cultural change and diversity (e.g. norms, beliefs, values, dehumanization, cults, multiculturalism, ethnocentrism, cultural relevance, folk culture, counterculture, subculture, and culture shock).

History

Geography

Economics

Civics

United States Studies

Evaluate, then defend, the importance of the fundamental democratic values and principles of U.S. constitutional democracy. Consider conflicts between individuals, communities and nations, liberty and equality, individual rights and the common good, majority rule and minority rights, and the rule of law vs. ethics (e.g., civil disobedience).

Explain the concept of capitalism and compare the basic components of other economic systems.

Apply correct vocabulary and geographic tools to determine and illustrate geographic concepts (e.g., major meridians of longitude and parallels of latitude, physical features, landforms, bodies of water, climatic regions, states and their capitals and relative and exact location).

Determine the most appropriate maps and graphics in an atlas for analyzing geographic issues regarding the growth and development of the United States (e.g., topography, movement of people, transportation routes, settlement patterns, growth of population and cities, etc.).

Interpret how people express attachment to places and regions (e.g., by reference to essays, novels, poems, short stories, feature films and songs)

Evaluate the impact of health and cultural considerations on the quality of life over different historical time periods (e.g., Colonial America, westward movement, late 19th and early 20th centuries and impact of epidemics).

Analyze the characteristics of cultural contributions of Native Americans, African Americans, Hispanics and all immigrants (e.g., Germans, Italians, Irish, etc.) to the new nation.

Analyze the impact of the environment, including the location of natural resources, on immigration and settlement patterns throughout U. S. history.

Analyze the ways in which physical and cultural geography have influenced significant historic events and movements.

Demonstrate an understanding of the European settlement of North America.

Trace the emergence of England as a global colonial power beginning in 1588.

Compare the progress of Jamestown and Plymouth colonies.

Identify and examine European colonial rivalries (e.g., conflicting land claims, empire building, etc.).

Summarize the distinct characteristics of each colonial region in the settlement and development of America, including religious, social, political and economic differences.

Demonstrate an understanding of the establishment of the United States as a new nation.

Explain the impact of the Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution on the American colonies and the world.

Explain the strengths and weaknesses of government under the Articles of Confederation.

Summarize events leading to the creation of the U. S. Constitution (e.g., country's economic crisis, Shay's Rebellion and purpose outlined in the Preamble).

Explain fundamental principles and purposes of the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights (e.g., through the Magna Carta, the English Bill of Rights, colonial charters and the political philosophies of the Enlightenment).

Trace the emergence of the American two party political system (Federalists-Anti-Federalists, election of 1800, etc.).

Compare and contrast the position of the political parties and leaders on a variety of issues (e.g., economic development, territorial expansion, political participation, individual rights, states' rights, slavery and social reforms).

Analyze the impact of United States Supreme Court decisions (e.g., Marbury v. Madison, McCulloch v. Maryland, Dred Scott v. Stanford and Plessy v. Ferguson).

Define the duties of citizens that are necessary to preserve US democracy (e.g., become informed and active in a democracy-through jury duty, paying taxes, public forums (local, state, and/or federal), voting and conscription.).

Demonstrate an understanding of westward movement and the resulting regional conflicts that took place in America in the nineteenth century.

Explain the impact and challenges of westward movement, (e.g., people's motivations for moving west, railroad construction and the displacement of Native Americans).

Trace land acquisitions and their significance as the U. S. expanded.

Summarize United States relations with foreign powers (e.g., Louisiana Purchase, Monroe Doctrine, Manifest Destiny and the Mexican War).

Compare economic development in different regions of the country during the early nineteenth century (e.g., agricultural South, industrial and financial North, and the development of new resources in the West).

Examine and evaluate the reform period prior to the U.S. Civil War (e.g., abolition, women's suffrage, religious principals, etc.).

Demonstrate an understanding of the causes and the course of the Civil War and Reconstruction in America.

Analyze the social, political and cultural characteristics of the North, the South and the West before and after the Civil War (e.g., the lives of African Americans, social reform, Patriotism, Nationalism, labor force, etc.).

Explain how the political events and issues that divided the nation led to civil war (e.g., compromises reached to maintain the balance of free and slave states, successes and failures of the abolitionist movement, conflicting views on states' rights and federal authority, emergence of the Republican Party and election of 1860).

Examine and identify the cause and effect of the formation of the Confederate States of America.

Outline the course and outcome of the Civil War (e.g., the role of African American military units, the impact of the Emancipation Proclamation, and the social, political and economic impact on the South following the Civil War).

Evaluate effects of Reconstruction on the nation (e.g., the roles of the Civil War Amendments, Radical Republicans, etc.).

Summarize the progress and impact made by various groups in society (including African-Americans, women, immigrants, etc.) during Reconstruction.

Trace societal changes in the United States brought about by the end of Reconstruction (the Freedmen's Bureau, educational reform, political opportunity, new trends in legislation, Jim Crow laws and the rise of anti-African American factions).

Demonstrate an understanding of changes that took place at the end of the 19th Century in the United States.

Analyze the developments in business and industry including the emergence of new industries and the rise of corporations through monopolies and mergers.

Examine the effects of technological change on the United States (e.g., agriculture, transportation, industry, labor and society).

Investigate the various periods and movements at the end of the nineteenth century. (e.g., the Gilded Age, the Populist movement, the Progressive Era, labor movement, continuation of the women's suffrage movement, etc.).

Examine and identify the goals and accomplishments of reformers and reform movements (e.g., women's rights, minorities, temperance, prisons, hospitals, schools, etc.).

Explain the transformation of America from an agrarian to an industrial economy, including the effects of mechanized farming and the expansion of international markets.

Assess the impact of urbanization and immigration on social, economic and political aspects of society in the United States in the late nineteenth century. (e.g., labor, agriculture, ethnic neighborhoods, African Americans, immigrants, women and children).

Demonstrate an understanding of global developments that influenced the United States' emergence as a world power in the early twentieth century.

Evaluate the impact of United States foreign policy on global affairs (e.g., Open Door Policy and presidential programs of Taft, Roosevelt, and Wilson, such as Big Stick Diplomacy, Dollar Diplomacy and Moral Diplomacy).

Analyze the development of American expansionism, including the shift from isolationism to intervention and the economic and political reasons for imperialism.

Investigate and explain the impact of the Spanish-American War on the United States as a world power, including locations of expansion and the changing image of the United States by the global community.

Investigate the impact of technological advances and innovation in the early twentieth century both in the United States and the world (e.g., telephone, automobiles, flight, transportation, weapons and medical advances).

Analyze and explain how political, social and economic factors influenced American involvement in World War I (e.g., treaties, alliances and nationalism).

Identify the issues regarding the evolution of United States citizenship and evaluate responsibilities and rights of United States citizens (e.g., landownership, race, gender and age).

Examine, select and participate in a volunteer service or project.

Trace economic development throughout U.S. history (e.g., Colonial period, Revolutionary War, Westward Expansion, Civil War and late 19th / early 20th Centuries) and identify the role of market factors in the settlement of the United States and the development of the free enterprise system.

Explain the ideas, values and practices in the Federalist-Anti-Federalist debate, Bank of the U.S. issue, and evaluate their effects on the formation and direction of the nation's economy.

Differentiate economic policy in the United States during each era (e.g., Colonial period, Revolutionary, Westward Expansion, Civil War and late 19th / early 20th Centuries) through types of taxes, taxation controversies, the effects of foreign trade and tariff policies.

Critique the cause and effect relationship between the labor movement, industrialization and urbanization in the United States.

Analyze the effects of mercantilism and triangular trade on the emergence of colonial economies (e.g., goals of mercantilism, the mother country's interests vs. colonial interests, regional economies, agriculture vs. manufacturing, colonial products and raw materials, and transition from mercantilism to free enterprise capitalism).

History

Geography

Economics

Civics

United States Studies - Comprehensive

Identify the issues regarding the evolution of United States citizenship and evaluate responsibilities and rights of United States citizens (e.g., landownership, race, gender and age).

Analyze the causes and consequences of the United States' national debt and its effect upon world economic systems.

Assess how various executive initiatives and legislative acts have influenced the United States' economy (e.g., Fourteen Points, New Deal, Domino Theory, Great Society, Space Race and Strategic Defense Initiative).

Cite evidence of the economic and cultural impact of advertising and the growth of consumerism (e.g., differentiate between wants and needs).

Identify various developed countries (MDC) and developing countries (LDC) and evaluate their GDP to determine the standard of living of their citizens (e.g., health care, education, military, industrial and agricultural capabilities).

Apply correct vocabulary and geographic tools to determine and illustrate geographic concepts (e.g., major meridians of longitude and parallels of latitude, physical features, landforms, bodies of water, climatic regions, states and their capitals, and relative and exact location).

Determine the most appropriate maps and graphics in an atlas for analyzing geographic issues regarding the growth and development of the United States (e.g., topography, movement of people, transportation routes, settlement patterns, growth of population and cities, etc.).

Evaluate the impact of health and cultural considerations on the quality of life over different historical time periods.

Analyze the characteristics of cultural contributions of Native Americans, African Americans, Hispanics and all immigrants (e.g., Germans, Italians, Irish, etc.).

Analyze the ways in which physical and cultural geography have influenced significant historic events and movements.

Evaluate the changing boundaries of world maps as a result of wars.

Evaluate, then defend the importance of the fundamental democratic values and principles of U.S. constitutional democracy in a global context including conflicts between individuals, communities and nations:

liberty and equality

individual rights and the common good

majority rule and minority rights

The rule of law and ethics (e.g., civil disobedience)

patriotism

Demonstrate an understanding of the European settlement of North America.

Compare and contrast the distinct characteristics of each colonial region in the settlement and development of America, including religious, social, political, and economic differences (i.e. Proclamation of 1763, French and Indian War).

Identify and examine European colonial rivalries and the centralization British control.

Demonstrate an understanding of the establishment of the new Republic.

Trace the major events leading to the American Revolution including the writing of the Declaration of Independence.

Examine the contributions of key individuals in the development of the Republic.

Determine the strengths and weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation and how their failure led to the development of the U.S. Constitution.

Compare and contrast political ideologies and sectional differences in the development of the U.S. Constitution (e.g. economic development, slavery, and social reforms).

Demonstrate an understanding of westward movement and land acquisition.

Examine the consequences of the expansion of the republic on the native population.

Summarize the United States' relations with foreign powers (e.g. Louisiana Purchase, War of 1812, Monroe Doctrine, Manifest Destiny and the Mexican-American War.)

Compare and contrast the social, economic, and political development in different regions of the country during the antebellum period.

Demonstrate an understanding of the course of the American Civil War and Reconstruction in America.

Identify and analyze the events which led to the secession of the south from the Union and the formation of the Confederate States of America.

Trace the major events of the Civil War and evaluate the impact of political and military leadership during the war.

Evaluate short-term and long-term effects of Reconstruction on the nation (e.g. Civil War Amendments, radical republicans, Jim Crow).

Demonstrate an understanding of the industrialization and reform movements.

Analyze the contributions of business, industry, and entrepreneurs in the late 19th/early 20th century.

Compare and contrast the societal, economic and population shifts in the United States in the late 19th century (i.e. Agrarian to Industrial, rural to urban, labor vs. industry, immigration, migration).

Identify the goals and accomplishments of reformers and reform movements (e.g. women's rights, minorities, labor, temperance, Progressivism etc.)

Demonstrate an understanding of the United States' emergence as a world power.

Evaluate the impact of United States foreign policy on global affairs (e.g., Open Door Policy, Good Neighbor Policy, Big Stick Diplomacy, Dollar Diplomacy, and Moral Diplomacy).

Trace the shift from isolationism to intervention and imperialism (e.g. Spanish-American War, annexation of Hawaii, development of the Panama Canal).

Analyze and explain how political, social, and economic factors influenced American involvement in World War I (e.g., treaties, alliances, and nationalism).

List and explain underlying causes, major players, and the effects of World War I.

Demonstrate an understanding of the Great Depression and the New Deal.

Examine causes of the stock market crash and draw conclusions about the immediate and lasting economic, social, and political effects on the United States and the World.

Research the changing social values that led to the expansion of government in the 1920's & 1930's (e.g. constitutional amendments, New Deal legislation, etc.).

Investigate the different cultural movements during the late 1920's & 1930's.

Demonstrate an understanding of the events surrounding World War II.

Explain how the world economic crisis initiated worldwide political change.

Explore the causes and effects of World War II and describe the impact the war had on the world (e.g. failure of the Treaty of Versailles/League of Nations, militarism, nationalism, failure of appeasement).

Investigate the abuse of human rights during World War II (e.g. Japanese Internment, Holocaust, stereotypes, propaganda).

Identify contributions from the American-Homefront during the war (e.g. Rosie the Riveters, victory gardens, liberty bonds).

Analyze the long-term consequences of the use of atomic weaponry to end the war.

Demonstrate an understanding of Post–World War II America.

Compare and contrast the United States and the Soviet Union following WWII and their emergence as superpowers.

Identify social, technological, and political changes that occurred in the United States as a result of the tensions caused by the Cold War.

Trace the events of the Cold War and confrontations between the United States and other world powers.

Demonstrate an understanding of the social and political conflicts that brought forth an era of change in America.

Investigate key people, places, and events of the African-American Civil Rights Movement.

Research the various paradigm shifts during the 1950's, 1960's, & 1970's (e.g. counterculture, rock n' roll, women's rights, Roe v. Wade, shifts in technology).

Connect events to continued questions of trust in federal government (e.g., Watergate, Iran Contra and Pentagon Papers).

Compare various citizens' responses to controversial government policies and actions by monitoring and debating government decisions, and create a cooperative and peaceful solution to controversial government policies and actions.

Demonstrate an understanding of America's continued role in the complex global community.

Evaluate the causes and effects of acts of foreign and domestic terrorism before and after 9/11. (e.g. Iran hostage crisis, 1993 World Trade Center, Oklahoma City, USS Cole, 2001 attacks on World Trade Center & Pentagon, PATRIOT Act, death of Osama bin Laden)

Identify the positive and negative consequences of the advancement of technology.

Evaluate and explain modern American policies (i.e., foreign and domestic), immigration, the global environment, and other current emerging issues.

Analyze multiple media sources and their influence on public opinion and policy issues.

Evaluate court cases essential to fundamental democratic principles and values (e.g., Brown v. BOE Topeka, Miranda v. Arizona, Roe v. Wade, Mapp v. Ohio, Schenck v. U.S., and Doe v. Holder (P.A.T.R.I.O.T. Act).

Select and participate in a volunteer service or project with a community or Veteran's organization (e.g., American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Women Veterans of America, Ronald McDonald House, Special Olympics, 4-H, etc.).

Trace economic development throughout U.S. History (e.g., Colonial period, Revolutionary War, Westward Expansion, Civil War and late 19th / early 20th Centuries) and identify the role of market factors in the settlement of the United States and the development of the free enterprise system.

Critique the cause and effect relationship between the labor movement, industrialization and urbanization in the United States.

Apply the concept of supply and demand in various historic events as a cause of economic turmoil.

History

Geography

Economics

Civics

World Studies

Describe the roles of citizens and their responsibilities (e.g., prehistoric societies, river civilizations, classical civilizations, feudal systems, developing nation states and neo-feudal systems).

Use different types of maps, terminology, and geographic tools to analyze features on Earth to investigate and solve geographic questions.

Explain how altering the environment has brought prosperity to some places and created environmental dilemmas for others.

Apply geography skills to help investigate issues and justify possible resolutions involving people, places and environments.

Explain how migration of people and movement of goods and ideas can enrich cultures, but also create tensions.

Explain how the uneven distribution of resources in the world can lead to conflict, competition or cooperation among nations, regions, and cultural groups.

Use maps, charts and graphs to depict the geographic implications of world events.

Demonstrate an understanding of prehistory, the concept of change over time and the emergence of civilization.

Analyze the interaction of early humans with their environment and evaluate their decisions (e.g., hunting, migration, shelter, food and clothing.)

Detail and predict the causes and effects of the Agricultural Revolution.

Demonstrate an understanding of ancient river civilizations and the ways in which early civilizations evolve.

Compare and contrast the causes and effects of the rise and decline of ancient river valley civilizations.

Investigate and detail the various components of culture and civilization including customs, norms, values, traditions, political systems, economic systems, religious beliefs and philosophies in ancient river civilizations.

Demonstrate an understanding of classical civilizations and the influence of those civilizations across time and space.

Compare and contrast the causes and effects of the rise and decline of classical civilizations.

Analyze the impact of religion on classical civilizations, including the rise and growth of Christianity and Hinduism, and the effects of their beliefs and practices on daily life, changes that occurred as a result of Buddhist teachings, and the influence of a variety of religions on culture and politics.

Demonstrate an understanding of Middle Age societies and the influence of those societies on the history of the world in areas of social, political and economic change.

Investigate and explain the influence of the Byzantine Empire, including the role the Empire played in preserving Hellenistic (Greek) learning.

Summarize the functions of feudalism and manorialism in Europe, China and Japan (including the creation of nation-states) as feudal institutions helped monarchies centralize power.

Outline the origins of religion in the Middle East and the changing role of women in that region through to the modern (or contemporary) period.

Identify and evaluate the individual, political, religious and economic roles in medieval society.

Analyze the social, political and economic upheaval and recovery that occurred in Europe during the Middle Ages, including the plague and the subsequent population decline, the predominance of religion and the impact of the crusades.

Summarize the economic, geographic and social influences of African and trans-Saharan trade, including education and the growth of cities.

Examine and assess the effects of warfare on society during the Middle Ages.

Analyze and connect the status, roles and responsibilities of free men, women, children, slaves and foreigners across time in various civilizations.

Demonstrate an understanding of the changes in society because of the Renaissance, Reformation, Age of Exploration and the Enlightenment.

Compare the impacts of the Renaissance on life in Europe (e.g., Humanism, art, literature, music and architecture).

Analyze the religious reformations and their effects on theology, politics and economics.

Summarize the origins and contributions of the scientific revolution.

Explain how European needs/wants for foreign products contributed to the Age of Exploration.

Explain the ways that Enlightenment ideas spread through Europe and their effect on society (e.g., John Locke, Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Baron de Montesquieu.)

Demonstrate an understanding of the global political environment of the sixteenth through the nineteenth centuries.

Explain the long-term effects of political changes because of the emergence of strong monarchial governments.

Describe the Agricultural and Industrial Revolutions and determine their impact on the evolution of society.

Analyze the causes and effects of political revolutions and determine their impact on the formation of governments and on the citizens of a society (e.g., French, Italian, German, Latin America, etc.).

Illustrate the significant political, commercial and cultural changes that took place in China.

Compare the political actions of European, Asian and African nations in the era of imperial expansion.

Assess the impact of colonization on both the mother countries and their colonies.

Explain the causes and effects of political, social and economic transformation in Europe in the nineteenth century, including the significance of nationalism, the impact of industrialization on different countries and the effects of democratization.

Analyze and evaluate various ways of organizing systems of government in order to illustrate the continuity and change in the role of government over time (e.g., Hammurabi's Code, the Twelve Tables of Rome, Justinian Code, Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Articles of Confederation and the U.S. Constitution).

Compare and contrast political ideologies in order to analyze the evolving role of government in world affairs prior to the year 1900 (e.g., democracies, republics, dictatorships, various types of monarchies, oligarchies, theocracies and parliamentary systems).

Research and categorize multiple current and historical world aid organizations and assess the importance of global volunteerism as a 21st century citizen (e.g., Amnesty International, Doctors Without Borders, Human Rights Campaign, International Red Cross, Invisible Children, Peace Corps, etc.).

Examine and illustrate the trade patterns (e.g., resource allocation, mercantilism and other economic systems) of regions of the world across time and explain their significance to the evolution of global economics.

Identify types of exchange systems (e.g., barter, money) and the role forms of currency play in acquiring goods and services.

Analyze the importance of family, labor specialization and regional commerce in the development of global trade systems.

Define scarcity, demonstrate the role of opportunity costs in decision making, and examine economic reasons for the rise and fall of civilizations (e.g., Roman Empire, the Crusades and Imperialism).

Interpret, use and construct maps, globes and other geographic tools to locate and derive information about personal directions, people, places and environments (The World in Spatial Terms).

Identify and define the world’s physical and cultural regions, including political and historical characteristics, and their interdependence in regard to trade, services, migration and cultural values.

Analyze populations with regard to life expectancy, infant mortality rates, population pyramids, migration, birth and death rates.

Evaluate the impact of migration on physical and human systems (e.g., demand for housing, schools, water supply, sewer systems, welfare systems, political systems and food production).

Analyze growth, decline, and development of cities over time.

Compare and contrast the impact of competition for limited resources on an interdependent global economy (e.g. distribution, sustainability, conflict and resolution).

Examine global social and political factors and their implications (e.g., climate change, endangered species, terrorism, air pollution, habitat destruction, floods and universal human rights).

Analyze ethnicity, nationalism and religion on regional cultures in a global society (e.g. major world religions, various ethnic groups and rigidity of societal norms).

Analyze the influence of geographical features on the evolution of significant historic events and movements.

Analyze the impact of technology or its lack on environments and societies over time.

Analyze connections between physical geography and isolation from the world community which result in cultural and political instability (e.g., Afghanistan, rural areas throughout the world, drought stricken areas of Africa, North Korea, China and Iran).

Describe the physical and human characteristics of place and explain how the lives of people are rooted in places and regions (Places and Regions).

Identify causes and draw conclusions about landless cultures (e.g., Kurds, Basques, and Palestinians).

Compare and contrast standards of living in poverty-stricken areas with advanced societies (e.g. basic needs, education, economic opportunities and technological advances).

Utilize various geographic information systems to gain insight into people and their place in the world.

Career options:

Identify careers in geography.

Identify resources to help select geography programs for further study.

Educational requirements:

Identify degree requirements for geographers and geography-related careers.

Identify resources to help select psychology programs for further study.

Vocational applications of geography:

Discuss ways in which geography addresses domestic and global issues.

Identify careers in geography that have evolved as a result of domestic and global issues.

Describe and explain the physical processes that shape the earth’s surface and create, sustain and modify the cultural and natural environment (Physical Systems).

Identify, explain and analyze how the earth is shaped by the movement of people and their activities (Human Systems).

Analyze the interaction of society with the environment (Environment and Society).

Explain geographic perspective and the tools and techniques available for geographic study (Uses of Geography).

Analyze the world and account for consequences of human/environment interactions depicting the geographic implications of world events (e.g. catastrophic environmental and climatic events, wars and conflicts, ethnic cleansing and genocide).

Explain components of the Earth’s physical systems and their interrelationships (e.g. landforms, bodies of water, atmosphere and geologic factors).

Explain components of the Earth’s physical systems and their interrelationships (e.g. landforms, bodies of water, atmosphere and geologic factors).

Application

Individual Variations

Sociocultural Context

Development and Learning

Cognition

Biopsychology

Scientific Inquiry

Development of psychology as an empirical science.

Define psychology as a discipline and identify its goals as a science.

Describe the emergence of psychology as a scientific discipline.

Describe perspectives employed to understand behavior and mental processes.

Explain how psychology evolved as a scientific discipline.

Interaction of the person and the environment in determining perception.

Explain Gestalt principles of perception.

Describe binocular and monocular depth cues.

Describe the importance of perceptual constancies.

Describe the nature of attention.

Explain how experiences and expectations influence perception.

Encoding of memory.

Identify factors that influence encoding.

Characterize the difference between shallow (surface) and deep (elaborate) processing.

Discuss strategies for improving the encoding of memory.

Storage and retrieval of memory.

Describe the differences between working memory and long-term memory.

Identify and explain biological processes related to how memory is stored.

Analyze the importance of retrieval cues in memory.

Discuss strategies for improving the retrieval of memories.

Basic elements comprising thought.

Define cognitive processes involved in understanding information.

Define processes involved in problem solving and decision making.

Discuss non-human problem-solving abilities.

Obstacles related to thought.

Describe obstacles to problem solving.

Describe obstacles to decision making.

Describe obstacles to making good judgments.

Classical conditioning.

Describe the principles of classical conditioning.

Describe clinical and experimental examples of classical conditioning.

Apply classical conditioning to everyday life. Methods and issues in life span development.

Explain the interaction of environmental and biological factors in development, including the role of the brain in all aspects of development.

Explain issues of continuity/discontinuity and stability/change.

Distinguish methods used to study development.

Describe the role of sensitive and critical periods in development.

Operant conditioning.

Describe the Law of Effect.

Describe the principles of operant conditioning.

Describe clinical and experimental examples of operant conditioning.

Apply operant conditioning to everyday life.

Physical, cognitive, and social development across the life span (prenatal, infancy, childhood, adolescence, emerging adulthood, adulthood, and older adulthood.)

Identify key features of physical development from prenatal through older adulthood.

Identify key features of cognitive development from prenatal through older adulthood.

Identify key features of social development from prenatal through older adulthood.

Social cognition.

Describe attributional explanations of behavior.

Describe the relationship between attitudes (implicit and explicit) and behavior.

Identify persuasive methods used to change attitudes.

Social influence and relations.

Describe effects of others’ presence on individuals’ behavior.

Discuss how an individual influences group behavior.

Discuss the nature and effects of stereotyping, prejudice, and discrimination.

Describe determinants of prosocial behavior.

Discuss influences upon aggression and conflict.

Discuss factors influencing attraction and relationships.

Social and cultural diversity.

Define culture and diversity.

Identify how cultures change over time and vary within nations as well as internationally.

Discuss the relationship between culture and conceptions of self and identity.

Discuss psychological research examining race and ethnicity.

Discuss psychological research examining socioeconomic status.

Discuss how privilege and social power structures relate to stereotypes, prejudice, and discrimination.

Major subfields within psychology.

Discuss the value of both basic and applied psychological research with human and non-human animals.

Describe the major subfields of psychology.

Identify the important role psychology plays in benefiting society and improving people’s lives.

Perspectives on motivation.

Explain biologically based theories of motivation.

Explain cognitively based theories of motivation.

Explain humanistic theories of motivation.

Explain the role of culture in human motivation.

Perspectives on emotion.

Explain the biological and cognitive components of emotion.

Discuss psychological research on basic human emotions.

Differentiate among theories of emotional experience.

Perspectives on abnormal behavior.

Define psychologically abnormal behavior.

Describe historical and cross-cultural views of abnormality.

Describe major models of abnormality.

Discuss how stigma relates to abnormal behavior.

Discuss the impact of psychological disorders on the individual, family, and society.

Categories of psychological disorders.

Describe the classification of psychological disorders.

Discuss the challenges associated with diagnosis.

Describe symptoms and causes of major categories of psychological disorders (including schizophrenic, mood, anxiety, and personality disorders).

Evaluate how different factors influence an individual’s experience of psychological disorders.

Perspectives on treatment of psychological disorders.

Explain how psychological treatments have changed over time and among cultures.

Match methods of treatment to psychological perspectives.

Explain why psychologists use a variety of treatment options.

Career options.

Identify careers in psychological science and practice.

Identify resources to help select psychology programs for further study.

Educational requirements.

Identify degree requirements for psychologists and psychology-related careers.

Identify resources to help select psychology programs for further study.

Vocational applications of psychological science.

Discuss ways in which psychological science addresses domestic and global issues.

Identify careers in psychological science that have evolved as a result of domestic and global issues.

Research methods and measurements used to study behavior and mental processes.

Describe the scientific method and its role in psychology.

Describe and compare a variety of quantitative (e.g., surveys, correlations, experiments) and qualitative (e.g., interviews, narratives, focus groups) research methods.

Define systematic procedures used to improve the validity of research findings, such as external validity.

Structure and function of the nervous system in human and non-human animals.

Identify the major divisions and subdivisions of the human nervous system.

Identify the parts of the neuron and describe the basic process of neural transmission.

Differentiate between the structures and functions of the various parts of the central nervous system.

Describe lateralization of brain functions.

Discuss the mechanisms of, and the importance of, plasticity of the nervous system.

Structure and function of the endocrine system.

Describe how the endocrine glands are linked to the nervous system.

Describe the effects of hormones on behavior and mental processes.

Describe hormone effects on the immune system.

The interaction between biological factors and experience.

Describe concepts in genetic transmission.

Describe the interactive effects of heredity and environment.

Explain how evolved tendencies influence behavior.

Methods and issues related to biological advances.

Identify tools used to study the nervous system, including the brain.

Describe advances made in neuroscience.

Discuss issues related to scientific advances in neuroscience and genetics.

The processes of sensation and perception.

Discuss processes of sensation and perception and how they interact.

Explain the concepts of threshold and adaptation.

The capabilities and limitations of sensory processes.

List forms of physical energy for which humans and non-human animals do and do not have sensory receptors.

Describe the visual sensory system.

Describe the auditory sensory system.

Describe other sensory systems, such as olfaction, gustation, and somesthesis (e.g., skin senses, kinesthesis, and vestibular sense).

History and Literacy

Geography

Economics

Civics

9-12 Social Studies Indicators

Develop questions through investigations.

Analyze the impact and the appropriate roles of personal interests and perspectives on the application of civic virtues, democratic principles, constitutional rights, and human rights.

Evaluate multiple procedures for making governmental decisions at all levels.

Analyze how people use and influence local, state, national, and international laws in order to address a variety of public issues.

Evaluate public policies in terms of intended and unintended outcomes, and their related consequences.

Analyze historical, contemporary, and emerging means of changing societies, while still promoting the common good and protecting rights.

Analyze how incentives influence choices that may result in policies with a range of costs and benefits for different groups.

Evaluate the extent to which competition among sellers and among buyers exists in specific markets.

Describe the consequences of competition.

Use benefits and costs to evaluate the effectiveness of government policies to improve market outcomes.

Describe the roles of banks and other financial institutions.

Apply disciplinary concepts and tools.

Describe the roles institutions play in such things as clearly defined property rights and the rule of law in a market economy.

Use current data to explain the influence of changes in spending, production, and the money supply on various economic conditions.

Use key economic indicators to analyze the current and future state of the economy.

Evaluate the selection of monetary and fiscal policies in a variety of economic conditions.

Explain why advancements in capital goods and human capital increase economic growth and standards of living.

Explain how current globalization trends and policies affect economic growth, labor markets, rights of citizens, the environment, and resources and income distribution in various nations.

Use geospatial and related technologies to create maps to display and explain the spatial patterns of cultural and environmental characteristics.

Use maps, satellite images, photographs, and other representations to explain relationships between the locations of places and regions and their political, cultural, and economic dynamics.

Analyze relationships and interactions within and between human and physical systems to explain reciprocal influences that occur among them.

Evaluate how past political and economic decisions have influenced cultural and environmental characteristics of various places and regions.

Evaluate sources and use evidence.

Evaluate the impact of human settlement activities on the environmental and cultural characteristics of specific places and regions.

Explain how changes in transportation and communication technology influence the spatial connections among human settlements and affect the diffusion of ideas and cultural practices.

Analyze the reciprocal nature of how historical events and the spatial diffusion of ideas, technologies, and cultural practices have influenced migration patterns and the distribution of human population.

Evaluate how economic globalization and the expanding use of scarce resources contribute to conflict and cooperation within and among countries.

Evaluate the effects of human-made and natural catastrophes on global trade, politics, and human migration.

Evaluate how historical events and developments were shaped by unique circumstances of time and place as well as broader historical contexts.

Use questions generated about individuals and groups to assess how the significance of their actions changes over time and is shaped by the historical context.

Analyze how historical contexts shaped and continue to shape people’s perspectives.

Analyze the ways in which the perspectives of those writing history shaped the history that they produced.

Explain how the perspectives of people in the present shape interpretations of the past.

Communicate conclusions and take informed action.

Analyze the relationship between historical sources and the secondary interpretations made from them.

Detect possible limitations in various kinds of historical evidence and differing secondary interpretations.

Use questions generated about multiple historical sources to pursue further inquiry and investigate additional sources.

Critique the validity of the historical sources used in a secondary interpretation.

Distinguish between long-term causes and triggering events in developing a historical argument.

Integrate evidence from multiple relevant historical sources and interpretations into a reasoned argument about the past.

Critique the central argument in secondary works of history on related topics in multiple media in terms of their historical accuracy.

Read and comprehend history/social studies texts at or above grade level text complexity band independently and proficiently.

Write informative/explanatory texts, including the narration of historical events.

Conduct short, as well as more sustained, research projects to answer a question (including a self-generated question) or solve a problem; narrow or broaden the inquiry when appropriate; synthesize multiple sources on the subject, demonstrating understanding of the subject under investigation.

Distinguish the powers and responsibilities of local, state, tribal, national, and international civic and political institutions.

Analyze the roles of citizens in the United States political system.

Explain how the U.S. Constitution establishes a system of government that has powers, responsibilities, and limits that have changed over time and that are still contested.

Critique relationships among governments, civil societies, and economic markets.

Evaluate the social and political systems that, in different contexts, times, and places, promote civic virtues and demonstrate democratic principles.

Application

Sociology

Explain the origins of sociology, the sociological perspective, research methodologies, and theoretical perspectives in sociology.

Compare and contrast material and non-material culture.

Analyze the impact of globalization on the United States and other world cultures and make predictions about future trends.

Explain the components of social structure; including status, role, and social institutions.

Research theories and stereotypes of poverty, and trace its relationship to geography and opportunity (e.g., access to healthcare/education, unemployment, housing.)

Identify the various social institutions in society (i.e., family, education, religion, economics, government/politics, medicine, military, law, science, and mass media).

Investigate the evolution of family structures and their impact on the individual in society.

Investigate aging and the process of death and dying in historical and contemporary world societies.

Compare and contrast various types of societies (e.g., developed vs. underdeveloped, urban vs. rural, industrialized vs. unindustrialized).

Categorize groups within a society by comparing primary and secondary groups, in and out groups, reference groups, and social networks.

Analyze the components, varieties, and functions of group dynamics; including factors such as group size, leadership, and authority.

Analyze and evaluate the development and evolution of culture and socialization within society.

Evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of formal organizations and bureaucracies (e.g., unions, universities, public education, service organizations, veterans, churches).

Identify and evaluate the stages of socialization; including roles and responsibilities, childhood, adolescence, and adulthood.

Evaluate the factors that socialize the individual (i.e., family, marital status, peers, education, gender, ethnicity, media, religion).

Describe how norms and values aid in the development of social control in society.

Analyze and evaluate the causes and consequences of deviant behavior on both the individual and society.

Examine the methods of social control in different types of societies and evaluate how groups and institutions promote social obedience and impose conformity.

Analyze the functions and inequalities of the criminal justice system in relation to a society’s construct of crime and punishment.

Evaluate the effectiveness of institutions in the rehabilitation and resocialization process.

Explain how unequal distribution of power and resources affects the life chance of individuals in society.

Research the sources and effects of global stratification society (i.e., race, ethnicity, gender, age; and emotional, mental, and physical disabilities).

Analyze causes and effects of social inequality, theories of deviance and crime, and maintenance of social order.

List the various forms of collective behavior (e.g., crowds, riots, rumors, panics, mass hysteria, moral panics, fads, and urban legends).

Evaluate the impact of technology on social change.

Analyze the impact of demographic changes and changes in settlement patterns on a society (e.g., population, migration, mortality).

Career options.

Identify careers in sociology.

Identify resources to help select sociology programs for further study.

Educational requirements.

Identify careers in sociology.

Identify resources to help select sociology programs for further study.

Vocational applications of sociology.

Discuss ways in which sociology addresses domestic and global issues.

Identify careers in sociology that have evolved as a result of domestic and global issues.

Examine social changes and summarize the impact on society.

Trace the origins of sociology and the sociological perspective, and determine how sociology relates to the other social sciences.

Identify major research methods in sociology and the ethical practices used to guide research.

Compare and evaluate the theoretical perspectives of Structural Functionalism, Symbolic Interaction, and Conflict Theory.

Identify the basic components of culture and evaluate the importance of culture in society.

Analyze the components of cultural change and diversity (e.g., norms, beliefs, values, dehumanization, cults, multiculturalism, ethnocentrism, cultural relevance, folk culture, counterculture, subculture, and culture shock).

History

Geography

Economics

Civics

Evaluate the extent to which the U.S. Constitution impacts conflicts between individuals, communities and nations, liberty, equality, individual rights, and the rule of law vs. ethics (e.g., civil disobedience).

Demonstrate an understanding of the concept of capitalism and compare the basic components of other economic systems (e.g., Adam Smith and the Wealth of Nations).

Apply correct vocabulary and geographic tools to determine and illustrate geographic concepts (e.g., major meridians of longitude and parallels of latitude, physical features, landforms, bodies of water, climatic regions, states and their capitals, and relative and exact location).

Determine the most appropriate maps and graphics in an atlas for analyzing geographic issues regarding the growth and development of the United States (e.g., topography, movement of people, transportation routes, settlement patterns, growth of population and cities, etc.).

Evaluate how people express attachment to places and regions (e.g., by reference to essays, novels, poems, short stories, feature films, and songs).

Analyze the impact of migration on the quality of life over different historical time periods (e.g., Colonial America, westward movement, late 19th and early 20th centuries, and impact of epidemics).

Analyze the characteristics of the cultural contributions of indigenous and non- indigenous peoples to the United States.

Analyze the impact of the environment, including the location of natural resources, on immigration and settlement patterns throughout United States history.

Analyze the ways in which physical and cultural geography have influenced significant historic events and movements.

Analyze the impact of the European settlement of North America.

Account for the emergence of England as a global colonial power.

Compare the growth of varying colonial regions.

Identify and explain European imperial rivalries over land, trade, etc.

Summarize the distinct characteristics of each colonial region in the settlement and development of America, including religious, social, political, and economic differences.

Demonstrate an understanding of the establishment of the United States as an independent nation.

Explain the impact of the Declaration of Independence and the American Revolution on the British North American colonies and the world.

Explain the strengths and weaknesses of government under the Articles of Confederation (1777).

Summarize events leading to the creation of the U.S. Constitution (e.g., country’s economic crisis, Shay’s Rebellion and purpose outlined in the Preamble).

Explain the fundamental principles and purposes of the U.S. Constitution and the Bill of Rights (e.g., through the influences of the Magna Carta, the English Bill of Rights, colonial charters, and the political philosophies of the Enlightenment).

Trace the evolution of the American two-party political system.

Compare and contrast the position of the political parties and leaders on a variety of issues (e.g., territorial expansion, political participation, individual rights, states’ rights, slavery, and social reforms).

Analyze the impact of United States Supreme Court decisions (e.g., Marbury v. Madison, McCulloch v. Maryland, Worcester v. Georgia, Dred Scott v. Sandford and Plessy v. Ferguson).

Demonstrate an understanding of the duties of citizens that are necessary to preserve United States democracy (e.g., become informed and active in a democracy, through jury duty, paying taxes, public forums (local, state, and/or federal), voting, and conscription.).

Demonstrate an understanding of westward movement and the resulting regional conflicts that took place in America in the 19th century.

Explain the impact and challenges of westward movement, (e.g., people’s motivations for moving west, railroad construction, and the displacement of Native Americans).

Trace land acquisitions and their significance as the U. S. expanded.

Analyze the influence of the Monroe Doctrine on foreign relations.

Examine and evaluate the reform period prior to the United States Civil War (e.g., abolition, women’s suffrage, religious principles, etc.).

Demonstrate an understanding of the causes and the outcomes of the Civil War and Reconstruction in America.

Analyze the social, political, and cultural characteristics of the North, the South, and the West before and after the Civil War (e.g., the lives of free and enslaved African Americans, social reform, patriotism, nationalism, labor force, etc.).

Explain how the political events and issues that divided the nation led to civil war (e.g., Compromise of 1850, Missouri Compromise, the abolitionist movement, conflicting views on states’ rights, tariffs, slavery and federal authority, emergence of the Republican Party, and election of 1860).

Identify the causes of the secession and the subsequent formation of the Confederate States of America.

Outline the course and outcome of the Civil War (e.g., the role of African American military units, the impact of the Emancipation Proclamation, and the social, political, and economic impact on the South following the Civil War).

Outline the major military events of the Civil War (e.g., Gettysburg, Bull Run, Vicksburg, Antietam, Sherman’s March, Appomattox).

Evaluate effects of Reconstruction on the nation (e.g., the roles of the Civil War Amendments, Radical Republicans, etc.).

Summarize the progress and impact made during Reconstruction by various minority groups in society.

Trace societal changes in the United States brought about by the end of Reconstruction (the Freedmen’s Bureau, educational reform, political opportunity, new trends in legislation, Jim Crow laws and the rise of anti–African American groups).

Demonstrate an understanding of changes that took place at the end of the 19th century in the United States.

Analyze the developments in business and industry including the emergence of new industries and the rise of corporations through monopolies and mergers (e.g., Rockefeller’s Standard Oil Trust, Carnegie Steel, etc.).

Examine the effects of technological change on the United States (e.g., agriculture, transportation, industry, and organized labor).

Analyze the various periods and movements at the end of the 19th century (e.g., the Gilded Age, the Populist movement, the Progressive Era, labor movement, continuation of the women’s suffrage movement, etc.).

Identify and explain the goals and accomplishments of reformers and reform movements (e.g., women’s rights, minorities, temperance, prisons, hospitals, schools, etc.).

Explain the transformation of America from an agrarian to an industrial economy, including the effects of mechanized farming and the expansion of international markets.

Assess the impact of urbanization and immigration on social, economic and political aspects of society in the United States in the late 19th century (e.g., labor, agriculture, ethnic neighborhoods, African Americans, immigrants, women and children).

Demonstrate an understanding of global developments that influenced the United States’ emergence as a world power in the early 20th century.

Evaluate the impact of United States foreign policy on global affairs (e.g., Open Door Policy and presidential programs of Taft, Roosevelt, and Wilson, such as Big Stick Diplomacy, Dollar Diplomacy, and Moral Diplomacy).

Analyze the development of American expansionism, including the shift from isolationism to intervention and the economic and political reasons for imperialism.

Assess the impact of the Spanish-American War on the United States as a world power, including locations of expansion and the changing image of the United States by the global community.

Investigate the impact of technological advances and innovation in the early 20th century both in the United States and the world (e.g., telephone, automobiles, flight, transportation, weapons, and medical advances).

Analyze and explain how political, social and economic factors influenced American involvement in World War I (e.g., treaties, alliances, and nationalism).

Analyze the changing perceptions of United States citizenship and evaluate responsibilities and rights of United States citizens (e.g., landownership, race, gender, and age).

Examine, select, and participate in a volunteer service or project.

Identify the role of market factors in the settlement of the United States and the development of the free enterprise system and trace economic development throughout United States History (e.g., Colonial period, Revolutionary War, Westward Expansion, Civil War, and late 19th/early 20th centuries).

Analyze the debate surrounding Alexander Hamilton’s economic policies and evaluate their effect on the formation and direction of the nation’s economy (e.g., Bank of the United States, etc.).

Differentiate economic policy in the United States during each era (e.g., Colonial period, Revolutionary, Westward Expansion, Civil War, and late 19th/early 20th centuries) through types of taxes, taxation controversies, the effects of foreign trade, and tariff policies.

Analyze the evolution of American manufacturing and its impact on skilled and unskilled labor from apprenticeship, to artisanry, to the market revolution, to the birth of the labor movement, and the Industrial Revolution.

Analyze the impact of mercantilism and triangular trade on the emergence of colonial economies (e.g., goals of mercantilism, the mother country’s interests vs. colonial interests, regional economies, agriculture vs. manufacturing, colonial products and raw materials, and transition from mercantilism to free enterprise capitalism).

History

Geography

Economics

Civics

Identify the issues regarding the evolution of United States citizenship and evaluate responsibilities and rights of United States citizens (e.g., landownership, race, gender, and age).

Analyze the causes and consequences of the United States’ national debt and its effect upon world economic systems.

Assess how various executive initiatives and legislative acts have influenced the United States’ economy (e.g., Fourteen Points, New Deal, Domino Theory, Great Society, Space Race, and Strategic Defense Initiative).

Understand and cite evidence of the economic and cultural impact of advertising and the growth of consumerism (e.g., differentiate between wants and needs).

Identify various developed countries and developing countries and evaluate their Gross Domestic Product to determine the standard of living of their citizens (e.g., health care, education, military, industrial, and agricultural capabilities).

Apply correct vocabulary and geographic tools to determine and illustrate geographic concepts (e.g., major meridians of longitude and parallels of latitude, physical features, landforms, bodies of water, climatic regions, states and their capitals, and relative and exact location).

Determine the most appropriate maps and graphics in an atlas for analyzing geographic issues regarding the growth and development of the United States (e.g., topography, movement of people, transportation routes, settlement patterns, growth of population and cities, etc.).

Evaluate the impact of health and cultural considerations on the quality of life over different historical time periods.

Analyze the characteristics of cultural contributions of Native Americans, African Americans, Hispanics, and all immigrants (e.g., Germans, Italians, Irish, etc.).

Analyze the ways in which physical and cultural geography have influenced significant historic events and movements.

Evaluate the changing boundaries of world maps as a result of wars.

Evaluate, then defend the importance of the fundamental democratic values and principles of United States constitutional democracy within a global context including conflicts between individuals, communities and nations:

Liberty and equality.

Individual rights and the common good.

Majority rule and minority rights.

The rule of law (e.g., civil disobedience).

Ethics.

Patriotism.

Demonstrate an understanding of the European settlement of North America.

Compare and contrast the distinct characteristics of each colonial region in the settlement and development of America, including religious, social, political, and economic differences (i.e., Proclamation of 1763, French and Indian War).

Identify and examine European colonial rivalries.

Demonstrate an understanding of the establishment of the new Republic.

Trace the major events leading to the American Revolution including the writing of the Declaration of Independence.

Examine the contributions of key individuals in the development of the Republic.

Determine the strengths and weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation (1777) and how their failure led to the development of the U.S. Constitution.

Compare and contrast political ideologies and sectional differences in the development of the U.S. Constitution (e.g., economic development, slavery, and social reforms).

Demonstrate an understanding of westward movement and land acquisition.

Examine the consequences of the expansion of the republic on the native population.

Summarize the United States’ relations with foreign powers during the Antebellum Era (e.g., Louisiana Purchase, War of 1812, Monroe Doctrine, Manifest Destiny, and the Mexican-American War.)

Compare and contrast the social, economic, and political development in different regions of the country during the antebellum period.

Demonstrate an understanding of the course of the American Civil War and Reconstruction in America.

Identify and analyze the events which led to the secession of the south from the Union and the formation of the Confederate States of America.

Trace the major events of the Civil War and evaluate the impact of political and military leadership during the war.

Evaluate short-term and long-term effects of Reconstruction on the nation (e.g., Civil War Amendments, radical republicans, Jim Crow).

Demonstrate an understanding of the industrialization and reform movements of the latter half of the 19th century.

Analyze the contributions of business, industry, and entrepreneurs in the late 19th/early 20th century.

Compare and contrast the societal, economic, and population shifts in the United States in the late 19th century (i.e., Agrarian to Industrial, rural to urban, labor vs. industry, immigration, migration).

Identify the goals and accomplishments of reformers and reform movements (e.g., women’s rights, minorities, labor, temperance, Progressivism, etc.).

Demonstrate an understanding of the United States’ emergence as a world power.

Evaluate the impact of United States foreign policy on global affairs (e.g., Open Door Policy, Good Neighbor Policy, Big Stick Diplomacy, Dollar Diplomacy, and Moral Diplomacy).

Trace the shift from isolationism to intervention and imperialism (e.g., Spanish- American War, annexation of Hawaii, development of the Panama Canal).

Analyze and explain how political, social, and economic factors influenced American involvement in World War I (e.g., treaties, alliances, and nationalism).

List and explain underlying causes, major players, and the effects of World War I.

Demonstrate an understanding of the United States’ emergence as a world power.

Evaluate the impact of United States foreign policy on global affairs (e.g., Open Door Policy, Good Neighbor Policy, Big Stick Diplomacy, Dollar Diplomacy, and Moral Diplomacy).

Trace the shift from isolationism to intervention and imperialism (e.g., Spanish- American War, annexation of Hawaii, development of the Panama Canal).

Analyze and explain how political, social, and economic factors influenced American involvement in World War I (e.g., treaties, alliances, and nationalism).

List and explain underlying causes, major players, and the effects of World War I.

Demonstrate an understanding of the events surrounding World War II.

Explain how the world economic crisis initiated worldwide political change.

Explore the causes and effects of World War II and describe the impact the war had on the world (e.g., failure of the Treaty of Versailles/League of Nations, militarism, nationalism, failure of appeasement).

Investigate the abuse of human rights during World War II (e.g., Japanese Internment, Holocaust, stereotypes, propaganda).

Identify contributions from the American-Homefront during the war (e.g., Rosie the Riveters, victory gardens, liberty bonds).

Analyze the long-term consequences of the use of atomic weaponry to end the war.

Demonstrate an understanding of Post - World War II America.

Compare and contrast the United States and the Soviet Union following World War II and their emergence as superpowers.

Identify social, technological, and political changes that occurred in the United States as a result of the tensions caused by the Cold War.

Trace the events of the Cold War and confrontations between the United States and other world powers (e.g., Korean War, Sputnik/Space Race, Vietnam War, etc.).

Demonstrate an understanding of the social and political conflicts that brought forth an era of change in America.

Investigate key people, places, and events of the African-American Civil Rights Movement.

Analyze the various political events that shaped this time period (e.g., elections of Richard Nixon, appointment/promotion of Gerald Ford, elections of Jimmy Carter, Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush, etc.).

Connect events to continued questions of trust in federal government (e.g., Watergate, Iran Contra, and Pentagon Papers).

Compare various citizens’ responses to controversial government policies and actions by monitoring and debating government decisions, and create a cooperative and peaceful solution to controversial government policies and actions.

Develop an understanding of civil public discourse.

Civic engagement.

Demonstrate an understanding of America’s continued role in the complex global community.

Evaluate the causes and effects of acts of foreign and domestic terrorism before and after 9/11 (e.g., Iran hostage crisis, 1993 World Trade Center, Oklahoma City, USS Cole, Providing Appropriate Tools Required (to) Intercept (and) Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 [P.A.T.R.I.O.T Act], death of Osama bin Laden).

Identify the positive and negative consequences of the advancement of technology.

Evaluate and explain modern American policies (i.e., foreign and domestic), immigration, the global environment, and other current emerging issues.

Analyze multiple media sources and their influence on public opinion and policy issues.

Analyze media bias and reliability.

Analyze and evaluate court cases essential to fundamental democratic principles and values (e.g., Brown v. BOE Topeka, Miranda v. Arizona, Roe v. Wade, Mapp v. Ohio, Schenck v. U.S., Doe v. Holder, Dred Scott v. Sandford, Baker v. Carr, Korematsu v. US, Gideon v. Wainwright, et al.).

Select and participate in a volunteer service or project with a community or Veteran’s organization (e.g., American Legion, Veterans of Foreign Wars, Women Veterans of America, Ronald McDonald House, Special Olympics, 4-H, etc.).

Trace economic development throughout United States History (e.g., Colonial period, Revolutionary War, Westward Expansion, Civil War, and late 19th/early 20th centuries) and identify the role of market factors in the settlement of the United States and the development of the free enterprise system.

Examine the history of the relations between business and labor from industrialization to present (e.g., Mother Jones, John L. Lewis, etc.).

Apply the concept of supply and demand in various historic events.

Analyze the impact of religion on classical civilizations.

Compare and contrast the causes and effects of the rise and decline of classical civilizations.

History

Geography

Economics

Civics

Describe the roles of citizens and their responsibilities (e.g., classical civilizations, feudal systems, developing nation states and neo-feudal systems, democratic and communist regimes, and 21st century society).

Use different types of maps, terminology, and geographic tools to analyze features on Earth to investigate and solve geographic questions.

Explain how altering the environment has brought prosperity to some places and created environmental dilemmas for others.

Apply geography skills to help investigate issues and justify possible resolutions involving people, places, and environments.

Explain how migration of people and movement of goods and ideas can enrich cultures, but also create tensions.

Explain how the uneven distribution of resources in the world can lead to conflict, competition, or cooperation among nations, regions, and cultural groups.

Use maps, charts, and graphs to depict the geographic implications of world events.

Demonstrate an understanding of classical civilizations (e.g., Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, Han Dynasty, Mesoamerican Civilizations, and Mauryan Dynasty) and the influence of those civilizations across time and space.

Demonstrate an understanding of “post-classical” societies and the influence of those societies on the history of the world in areas of social, political, and economic change.

Analyze contributions of post-classical societies.

Compare and contrast societies in Europe, Asia, and the Americas, after the fall of the Classical Civilizations.

Examine social, political, and economic change over time with regards to post classical societies.

Evaluate how some societies are similar and different in the Post-Classical Era (e.g., The Mongols compared to traditional empires, Feudalism in Asia, Europe, and America).

Demonstrate an understanding of the changes in society because of the Renaissance, Reformation, Age of Exploration, and the Enlightenment.

Compare the impacts of the Renaissance on life in Europe (e.g., Humanism, art, literature, music, and architecture).

Analyze the religious reformations and their effects on theology, politics, and economics.

Summarize the origins and contributions of the scientific revolution.

Explain how European needs/wants for foreign products contributed to the Age of Exploration.

Explain the ways that Enlightenment ideas spread through Europe and their effect on society (e.g., John Locke, Voltaire, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Baron de Montesquieu.

Demonstrate an understanding of global politics after the 16th century focusing on the long-term effects of political changes resulting from the emergence of strong monarchial governments.

Analyze and connect the status, roles, and responsibilities of free men, women, children, slaves, and migrants across time in various civilizations.

Analyze the Industrial Revolution and determine its impact on the evolution of society.

Explain the factors (environmental, societal, cultural, and technological) that led to the Industrial Revolution.

Evaluate methods that helped the spread of Industrialization.

Analyze the causes and effects of political revolutions and determine their impact on the formation of governments and on the citizens of a society (e.g., French, Latin America, Haiti, Italian Unification, German Unification, etc.).

Many states had various motives for imperial expansion and its effects varied.

Compare the political actions of European, Asian, and African nations in the era of imperial expansion.

Assess the impact of colonization on both the mother countries and their colonies.

Explain the causes and effects of political, social, and economic transformation in Europe in the 19th century, including the significance of nationalism, the impact of industrialization on different countries, and the effects of democratization which lead to World War I.

Analyze the causes and effects of the Great Depression during the Interwar period and how this led to the rise of totalitarian regimes around the world (e.g., the rise of Nazi Germany, Fascist Italy, USSR under Stalin, and East Asia).

Evaluate causes and effects of World War II on the 20th/21st century including western democracies and totalitarian regimes mobilizing for war. Students will analyze consequences of World War II including:

The East/West divide leading to the Cold War.

Mass atrocities in the 20th century.

Economic impact of World War II in the East and West because of World War II.

Analyze causes, perspectives, and effects of the Cold War.

Ideological differences between the East and West.

The evolution of proxy wars and movements to redistribute land in Latin America, Asia, and Africa.

Analyze decolonization and independence movements across the globe in the 20th century (India-Gandhi, South Africa-Apartheid, African/Asian Independence from Britain).

Evaluate the global causes and consequences of globalization in the 20th century.

Explain environmental interactions (e.g., diseases such as Spanish Flu, Ebola, HIV/AIDs, as well as human interaction with the natural environment).

Examine continuities and changes in economies and new technologies (e.g., growth of free market economies, knowledge economies, regional trade agreements, and multi-national corporations).

Discuss social and cultural changes resulting from globalization (e.g., Global Culture, social media).

Analyze and evaluate various ways of organizing systems of government to illustrate the continuity and change in the role of government over time (e.g., Hammurabi’s Code, the Twelve Tables of Rome, Justinian Code, Magna Carta, English Bill of Rights, Articles of Confederation (1777), U.S. Constitution, Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen, and Treaty of Versailles).

Compare and contrast political ideologies in order to analyze the evolving role of government in world affairs prior to the year 1900 (e.g., democracies, republics, dictatorships, various types of monarchies, oligarchies, theocracies, and parliamentary systems).

Research and categorize multiple current and historical world aid organizations and assess the importance of global volunteerism as a 21st century citizen (e.g., Amnesty International, Doctors Without Borders, Human Rights Campaign, International Red Cross, Invisible Children, Peace Corps, etc.).

Examine and illustrate the trade patterns (e.g., resource allocation, mercantilism, and other economic systems) of regions of the world across time and explain their significance to the evolution of global economics.

Identify types of exchange systems (e.g., barter, money) and the role forms of currency play in acquiring goods and services.

Analyze the importance of family, labor specialization, industrialization, and regional commerce in the development of global trade systems.

Define scarcity, demonstrate the role of opportunity costs in decision making, and examine economic reasons for the rise and fall of civilizations (e.g., Roman Empire, the Crusades and Imperialism, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR).