Grade 1 Math West Virginia standards Standards

Geometry

Measurement and Data

Number and Operations in Base Ten

Operations and Algebraic Thinking

Grade 1

Mathematical Habits of Mind

Reason with shapes and their attributes.

Measure lengths indirectly and by iterating length units.

Work with time and money.

Represent and interpret data.

Extend the counting sequence.

Understand place value.

Use place value understanding and properties of operations to add and subtract.

Represent and solve problems involving addition and subtraction.

Understand and apply properties of operations and the relationship between addition and subtraction.

Add and subtract within 20.

Work with addition and subtraction equations.

Use addition and subtraction within 20 to solve word problems involving situations of adding to, taking from, putting together, taking apart, and comparing, with unknowns in all positions (e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem).

Understand the two digits of a two-digit number represent amounts of tens and ones. Understand the following as special cases:

10 can be thought of as a bundle of ten ones — called a "ten." (e.g., A group of ten pennies is equivalent to a dime.)

The numbers from 11 to 19 are composed of a ten and one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight or nine ones.

The numbers 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90 refer to one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight or nine tens (and 0 ones).

Compare and order two two-digit numbers based on meanings of the tens and ones digits, recording the results of comparisons with the symbols >, =, and <.

Add within 100, including adding a two-digit number and a one-digit number and adding a two-digit number and a multiple of 10, using concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value, properties of operations and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction. Relate the strategy to a written method and explain the reasoning used. Understand that in adding two-digit numbers, one adds tens and tens, ones and ones, and sometimes it is necessary to compose a ten.

Given a two-digit number, mentally find 10 more or 10 less than the number, without having to count and explain the reasoning used.

Subtract multiples of 10 in the range 10-90 from multiples of 10 in the range 10-90 (positive or zero differences) using concrete models or drawings and strategies based on place value, properties of operations and/or the relationship between addition and subtraction. Relate the strategy to a written method and explain the reasoning used.

Order three objects by length and compare the lengths of two objects indirectly by using a third object.

Order three objects by length and compare the lengths of two objects indirectly by using a third object.

Express the length of an object as a whole number of length units, by laying multiple copies of a shorter object (the length unit) end to end; understand that the length measurement of an object is the number of same-size length units that span it with no gaps or overlaps.

Tell and write time in hours and half-hours using analog and digital clocks.

Identify the value of coins and use dimes and pennies to model the relationship between money and place value (e.g., exchange 10 pennies for 1 dime or exchange 10 dimes for 1 dollar).

Organize, represent, interpret data with up to three categories; ask and answer questions about the total number of data points, how many in each category and how many more or less are in one category than in another.

Solve word problems that call for addition of three whole numbers whose sum is less than or equal to 20 (e.g., by using objects, drawings, and equations with a symbol for the unknown number to represent the problem).

Distinguish between defining attributes (e.g., triangles are closed and three-sided) versus non-defining attributes (e.g., color, orientation, and/or overall size); build and draw shapes to possess defining attributes.

Compose two-dimensional shapes (rectangles, squares, trapezoids, triangles, half-circles, and quarter-circles) or three-dimensional shapes (cubes, right rectangular prisms, right circular cones, and right circular cylinders) to create a composite shape and compose new shapes from the composite shape.

Partition circles and rectangles into two and four equal shares, describe the shares using the words halves, fourths and quarters and use the phrases half of, fourth of and quarter of. Describe the whole as two of, or four of the shares and understand for these examples that decomposing into more equal shares creates smaller shares.

Create a recognizable pattern following a given rule, using colors, shapes, sizes, and sounds.

Apply properties of operations as strategies to add and subtract (e.g., If 8 + 3 = 11 is known, then 3 + 8 = 11 is also known: Commutative Property of Addition. To add 2 + 6 + 4, the second two numbers can be added to make a ten, so 2 + 6 + 4 = 2 + 10 = 12: Associative Property of Addition).

Understand subtraction as an unknown-addend problem (e.g., subtract 10 – 8 by finding the number that makes 10 when added to 8).

Relate counting to addition and subtraction (e.g., by counting on 2 to add 2, by counting backwards 3 to subtract 3).

Add and subtract within 20, demonstrating fluency for addition and subtraction within 10 and use strategies such as · counting on; · making ten (e.g., 8 + 6 = 8 + 2 + 4 = 10 + 4 = 14); · decomposing a number leading to a ten (e.g., 13 – 4 = 13 – 3 – 1 = 10 – 1 = 9); · using the relationship between addition and subtraction (e.g., knowing that 8 + 4 = 12, one knows 12 – 8= 4); and · creating equivalent but easier or known sums (e.g., adding 6 +7 by creating the known equivalent 6 + 6 + 1 = 12 + 1 = 13).

Understand the meaning of the equal sign, and determine if equations involving addition and subtraction are true or false (e.g., Which of the following equations are true and which are false? 6 = 6, 7 = 8 – 1, 5 + 2 = 2 + 5, 4 + 1 = 5 + 2). Recognize the difference between an expression (3 + 5) and an equation (3 + 5=8).

Determine the unknown whole number in an addition or subtraction equation relating three whole numbers (e.g., Determine the unknown number that makes the equation true in each of the equations. 8 + ? = 11, 5 = ? – 3, 6 + 6 = ?).

Count to 120, starting at any number less than 120. In this range, read and write numerals and represent a number of objects with a written numeral. Skip count to 120 by 2's. Skip count to 120 by 5's and 10's.

Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.

Reason abstractly and quantitatively.

Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.

Model with mathematics.

Use appropriate tools strategically.

Attend to precision.

Look for and make use of structure.

Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.